Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the survivors and non-survivors
| Number of survivors | Number of non-survivorsa | |
|---|---|---|
| N = 1632 (92.1%) | N = 140 (7.9%) | |
| n (%) | n (%) | |
| Underlying health conditions | ||
| Age group | ||
| ≤ 64 | 429 (96.6) | 15 (3.4) |
| 65–74 | 291 (92.1) | 25 (7.9) |
| 75–84 | 517 (92.0) | 45 (8.0) |
| ≥ 85 | 395 (87.8) | 55 (12.2) |
| HCAP factors | ||
| Hospitalisation ≥2 days in the preceding 90 days, N = 1770 | 238 (83.5) | 47 (16.5) |
| Nursing home resident, N = 1771 | 225 (86.2) | 36 (13.8) |
| Chronic dialysis within 30 days, N = 1547 | 24 (82.8) | 5 (17.2) |
| Home care, N = 1552 | 14 (66.7) | 7 (33.3) |
| Home infusion therapy | 5 (62.5) | 3 (37.5) |
| Home wound care | 9 (69.2) | 4 (30.8) |
| Male gender | 940 (90.4) | 100 (9.6) |
| Comobidities | ||
| Congestive heart failure | 212 (89.1) | 26 (10.9) |
| Liver disease | 83 (87.4) | 12 (12.6) |
| Renal disease | 142 (88.7) | 18 (11.3) |
| Neoplastic disease | 284 (86.6) | 44 (13.4) |
| Chronic lung disease | 368 (90.6) | 38 (9.4) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 309 (90.9) | 31 (9.1) |
| Dementia | 202 (88.2) | 27 (11.8) |
| Risk factors for aspiration, N = 1718 | ||
| Witnessed aspiration | 332 (89.0) | 41 (11.0) |
| Chronic impaired conscious level | 67 (82.7) | 14 (17.3) |
| Chronic neurologic disorders | 411 (90.5) | 43 (9.5) |
| Foreign bodies interfering with swallowing | 19 (90.5) | 2 (9.5) |
| Bed-ridden state | 125 (84.5) | 23 (15.5) |
| Body mass index, N = 1331 | ||
| < 18.5 | 333 (86.7) | 51 (13.3) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 724 (94.5) | 42 (5.5) |
| ≥ 25 | 175 (95.6) | 8 (4.4) |
| CURB score, N = 1361 | ||
| 0 | 477 (96.7) | 16 (3.3) |
| 1 | 464 (92.6) | 37 (7.4) |
| 2 | 219 (85.5) | 37 (14.5) |
| 3 | 80 (80.0) | 20 (20.0) |
| 4 | 5 (45.4) | 6 (54.6) |
N, n number of observations, HCAP healthcare-associated pneumonia, CURB Confusion, blood Urea nitrogen > 7 mmol/L, Respiratory rate > 30 per minute, and Blood pressure < 90 mmHg in systole or ≤ 60 mmHg in diastole
apatients who died within 30-day after the hospital visit