Table 2.
The effect of melatonin supplementation on cardiac diseases: human studies.
| Type of the study | Sample size (n) | Age of patients (years) | Male/female ratio | Melatonin administration (dose, delivery mode and duration) | Effect | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A randomized triple-blinded, placebo-controlled study including patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery | 58 | 58.1 ± 9.8 (42–75) | 14/1 | 10 mg tablet once daily for 4 wk before surgery | Cardioprotection | Haghjooy-Javanmard et al., 2013 |
| A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial including patients undergoing surgery for abdominal aortic aneurisms (AAA) | 50 | 67 (45–80) | 23/3 | 50 mg infusion over a 2-h period intra-operative, and oral 10 mg for the first 3 nights after surgery | Cardioprotection | Gogenur et al., 2014 |
| A double blinded placebo-control study including patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery | 45 | 52.3 (45–65) and 53.9 (45–64) | 13/2 (10 mg) and 11/4 (20 mg) | 10 and 20 mg, capsules once daily for 5 days before surgery | Cardioprotection | Dwaich et al., 2016 |
| A prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study for the Melatonin adjunct in the acute myocardial infarction treated with angioplasty (MARIA) trial | 125 | 57.3 ± 10 | 50/13 | IV: 51.7 μmol for 60 min starting immediately before percutaneous coronary intervention and IC bolus of 8.6 μmol through-PCI guiding catheter within the first 60 seconds of reperfusion | No effect | Dominguez-Rodriguez et al., 2017b |
| A post-hoc analysis of the randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study for the Melatonin adjunct in the acute myocardial infarction treated with angioplasty (patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction) (MARIA) trial | 125 1st, 2nd,3rd tertiles: 41, 43, 41 | 1st: 54 ± 10 2nd: 58 ± 10 3rd: 60 ± 11 | 1st: 18/3 2nd: 20/6 3rd: 18/5 | IV 51.7 μmol for 60 min starting immediately before percutaneous coronary intervention and IC bolus of 8.6 μmol through PCI-guiding catheter within the first 60 seconds of reperfusion | Cardioprotection in the 1st tertile (early after symptom onset) No effect in 2nd and 3rd tertiles | Dominguez-Rodriguez et al., 2017a |
| A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial for intracoronary and systemic melatonin to patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (IMPACT) trial | 48 | 61.7 (56.2–66.9) | 20/3 | 50 mg; IC and IV infusion starting immediately after PCI with a flow rate fixed at 80 ml/h for 6 h | No effect | Ekeloef et al., 2017 |
PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; IV, intravenous; IC, Intracoronary; wk, week.