Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of SPRINT Participants Stratified by Randomized Group and Blood Pressure Technique
| Characteristics | Always Alone (n =4082) |
Never Alone (n =2247) |
Alone for Rest (n =1746) |
Alone for BP Measurement (n=570) |
P value* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intensive | Standard | Intensive | Standard | Intensive | Standard | Intensive | Standard | ||
| No. Clinics | 38 | 25 | 19 | 6 | |||||
| No. Randomized | 2037 (100) | 2045 (100) | 1123 (100) | 1124 (100) | 875 (100) | 871 (100) | 283 (100) | 287 (100) | |
| Age 50–64 | 730 (35.8) | 767 (37.5) | 565 (50.3) | 552 (49.1) | 303 (34.6) | 296 (34.0) | 132 (46.6) | 130 (45.3) | <0.001 |
| 65–74 | 674 (33.1) | 656 (32.1) | 298 (26.5) | 290 (25.8) | 286 (32.7) | 287 (33.0) | 93 (32.9) | 104 (36.2) | |
| ≥75 | 633 (31.1) | 622 (30.4) | 260 (23.2) | 282 (25.1) | 286 (32.7) | 288 (33.1) | 58 (20.4) | 53 (18.5) | |
| Female Gender | 668 (32.8) | 620 (30.3) | 340 (30.3) | 349 (31.0) | 351 (40.1) | 376 (43.2) | 138 (48.8) | 139 (48.4) | <0.001 |
| Black Race | 595 (29.2) | 625 (30.6) | 409 (36.4) | 419 (37.3) | 244 (27.9) | 228 (26.2) | 81 (28.6) | 78 (27.2) | <0.001 |
| Hispanic Ethnicity | 64 (3.1) | 45 (2.2) | 193 (17.2) | 182 (16.2) | 26 (3.0) | 26 (3.0) | 183 (64.7) | 187 (65.2) | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease‡ | 633 (31.2) | 633 (31.0) | 282 (25.1) | 270 (24.0) | 254 (29.0) | 254 (29.2) | 57 (20.1) | 67 (23.3) | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 438 (21.5) | 448 (21.9) | 238 (21.2) | 237 (21.1) | 145 (16.5) | 144 (16.5) | 54 (19.1) | 51 (17.8) | <0.001 |
| Clinical | 276 (13.6) | 279 (13.6) | 154 (13.7) | 151 (13.4) | 84 (9.6) | 81 (9.9) | 27 (9.5) | 23 (8.0) | <0.001 |
| Subclinical | 174 (8.5) | 178 (8.7) | 87 (7.8) | 100 (8.9) | 51 (5.8) | 58 (6.7) | 38 (13.4) | 35 (12.2) | <0.001 |
| Framingham 10-yr CVD risk score-% | 25.8±12.9 | 26.0±12.5 | 25.1±13.1 | 24.8±12.8 | 24.0±11.5 | 23.8±11.9 | 23.6±12.8 | 22.5±11.5 | <0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 139.6±15.9 | 139.9±15.2 | 139.2±15.8 | 138.8±15.3 | 140.0±15.2 | 140.0±15.9 | 142.5±15.0 | 141.1±14.4 | 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 77.9±11.6 | 78.0±12.0 | 79.3±12.1 | 78.7±11.6 | 77.8±12.1 | 77.1±12.8 | 76.9±11.0 | 76.2±10.5 | <0.001 |
| Pulse, bpm | 65.9±11.7 | 66.1±12.2 | 66.6±11.2 | 66.7±11.7 | 66.4±12.0 | 65.5±10.9 | 65.8±10.1 | 67.0±10.2 | 0.11 |
| # of BP Medications | 1.9±1.0 | 1.9±1.0 | 1.9±1.0 | 1.9±1.0 | 1.7±1.1 | 1.7±1.1 | 1.7±1.0 | 1.6±0.9 | <0.001 |
| Weight, lbs. | 192.2±41.5 | 193.8±41.8 | 194.0±40.4 | 191.0±40.7 | 186.3±41.4 | 186.2±42.1 | 183.4±38.2 | 181.5±38.2 | <0.001 |
| BMI, Kg/m2 | 30.0±5.8 | 29.9±5.7 | 30.2±5.7 | 29.9±5.7 | 29.3±5.6 | 29.2±5.7 | 29.6±5.2 | 29.4±5.0 | <0.001 |
| # of Chronic Diseases | 2.8±1.7 | 1.8±1.7 | 2.6±1.7 | 2.6±1.7 | 2.7±1.7 | 2.7±1.7 | 2.2±1.5. | 2.2±1.5 | <0.001 |
| Smoking Status | |||||||||
| Current | 271 (13.3) | 256 (12.6) | 189 (16.9) | 165 (14.7) | 85 (9.7) | 96 (11.1) | 37 (13.1) | 33 (11.5) | <0.001 |
| Past | 919 (45.2) | 911 (44.7) | 469 (41.9) | 472 (42.1) | 356 (40.8) | 389 (44.8) | 97 (34.3) | 79 (27.6) | <0.001 |
| Statin use | 935 (46.3) | 938 (46.3) | 458 (41.0) | 497 (44.5) | 358 (41.1) | 382 (44.2) | 97 (34.4) | 113 (39.8) | <0.001 |
| Aspirin use | 1106 (54.6) | 1116 (54.8) | 574 (51.2) | 553 (49.2) | 442 (50.5) | 415 (47.8) | 103 (36.4) | 107 (37.4) | <0.001 |
*
Test for differences among BP measurement techniques after controlling for randomized group assignment. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI)