Table 2. Summary of the literature on the effects of developmental nicotine exposure on locomotor activity in mice.

Mouse Strain	Nicotine Exposure	Assay	Finding	Citation
Swiss Webster	Nicotine freebase 0.5 mg/kg; s.c. daily from E0 to P0	Locomotor Activity in open field at P31. Male mice were used	Hyperactivity	[61]
C57BL/6J	Inhalation of cigarette smoke 6 hr/day during gestation until weaning	Locomotor Activity in open field on P90. Male and female mice were used	Hyperactivity in the initial 5 min and Hypo-activity at later times	[62]
DBA/2J and C57BL/6J	Nicotine freebase in drinking water 200μg/ml starting 30 days before mating and continuing through gestation until weaning	Locomotor Activity in open field on P24 and P75. Male and female mice were used	Hyperactivity in DBA/2J at P24 and P75 and in C57BL/6J mice at P24. Hypo-activity in C57BL/6J females at P75	[63]
Swiss Webster	Nicotine hydrogen tartrate (200μg/ml) in drinking water containing 2% saccharin starting 2 weeks before mating and continuing through gestation until weaning	Locomotor Activity in open field at 3–10 weeks of age. Male mice were used	No effect	[68]
C57BL/6J	Nicotine hydrogen tartrate (200μg/ml) in drinking water containing 2% saccharin through gestation until weaning	Locomotor Activity in open field on P31-32. Male and female mice were used	Increased locomotor response to novel environment but no effect later	[66]
C57BL/6J	Nicotine freebase 200μg/ml in drinking water containing 2% saccharin starting 30 days before mating and continuing through gestation	Locomotor Activity in open field on P20, P40, and P60. Male and female mice were used	Females were hypoactive on P20. Males were hyperactive on P40 and P60	[6]
C57BL/6J	Nicotine hydrogen tartrate 0.05 mg/ml drinking water containing 0.066% saccharin starting 2 weeks prior to conception and continuing through gestation and until weaning	Locomotor Activity in open field from P60-P100. Male and female mice were used	Hyperactivity	[60]
C57BL/6J (NCI)	E-cigarette vapor containing 2.4% nicotine 20 min/day from E15-20 and again from P2-16	Locomotor Activity in open field at P98. Male mice were used	Hyperactivity	[64]
B6C3F1	Inhalation of cigarette smoke 4 h/d and 5 d/week from E4 until E18	Locomotor Activity in open field at P28 and P120. Males and females were used	Hyperactivity in both sexes at P28, and only in males at P120	[67]
C57BL/6	Nicotine freebase 200 μg/ml in drinking water containing 2% saccharin beginning 3 weeks before conception and continuing until P0	Spontaneous locomotor activity in non-home cage measured continuously over 20 hr in P42-P60 male and female mice.	Hyperactivity in males and females	[9]