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Principle of cholesterol efflux capacity assays. Macrophage cell lines are enriched with labeled cholesterol and stimulated with cAMP to induce cholesterol transporters. Then a cholesterol acceptor, such as apoB-depleted serum of the patient under investigation, is added to the medium. After incubation the efflux of labeled cholesterol from the cells to the medium is quantified and reflects the cholesterol transport mediated by ABCA1, ABCG1, SR-B1, and aqueous diffusion.
