Table 1.
Regulation of NLR family pyrin domain (PYD)-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation through posttranslational modification (PTM) of NLRP3.
| PTM | Modification site | Enzymes/triggers | Effect on NLRP3 inflammasome activation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phosphorylation | Y861 (human) Y859 (mouse) |
Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 | Dephosphorylation of NLRP3 (⇧) | (25) |
| S295 (human) S291 (mouse) |
Protein kinase A | Phosphorylation of NLRP3 (⇩) | (26, 27) | |
| S5 (human) S3 (mouse) |
Protein phosphatase 2A | Dephosphorylation of NLRP3 (⇧) | (28) | |
| S198 (human) S194 (mouse) |
Jun N-terminal kinase | Phosphorylation of NLRP3 (⇧) | (29) | |
| S295 (human) S293 (mouse) |
Protein kinase D | Phosphorylation of NLRP3 (⇧) | (30) | |
| Ubiquitination | Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain | BRCC3 (mouse) BRCC36 (human) |
Deubiquitination of NLRP3 (⇧) | (40) |
| K689 (human) | F-box L2 | Ubiquitination of NLRP3 (↓, ⇩) | (42) | |
| Pyrin domain | TRIM31 | Ubiquitination of NLRP3 (↓, ⇩) | (43) | |
| Nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and LRR domain | MARCH7 | Ubiquitination of NLRP3 (↓, ⇩) | (44) | |
| NBD | Ariadne homolog 2 | Ubiquitination of NLRP3 (⇩) | (41) | |
| Alkylation | C419 (human) | Acrylamide derivatives | Alkylation of NLRP3 (⇩) | (51) |
| S-nitrosylation | Unknown | Nitric oxide and SNAP | S-nitrosylation of NLRP3 (⇩) | (54) |
↓, Decrease of NLRP3 protein level; ⇧, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome; ⇩, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome.