Table 3.
Group differences between the intervention and waitlist groups for t1 – t0 for selected scales.
| Scale | Intervention group (n = 23) |
Waitlist group (n = 24) |
Cohen's d |
Independent t-test |
U-test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔM (SD) | ΔM (SD) | p | p | ||
| Primary outcomes: Depression | |||||
| Depression (SCL-90-R) | −6.74 (9.10) | −1.75 (7.43) | 0.60 | .045* | .056† |
| BDI-II Sum Score | −8.26 (9.36) | −2.92 (11.85) | 0.50 | .094† | .119 |
| Secondary outcomes | |||||
| Anxiety | |||||
| Phobia/Panic: Phobic anxiety (SCL-90-R) | −5.96 (9.55) | −0.29 (8.08) | 0.64 | .033* | .036* |
| Anxiety: Anxiety (SCL-90-R) | −3.70 (8.87) | −0.08 (6.22) | 0.47 | .097† | .084† |
| Social Competence | |||||
| Interpersonal sensitivity (SCL-90-R) | −6.87 (8.84) | −1.21 (7.08) | 0.71 | .019* | .021* |
| Social support (FERUS) | 3.48 (5.82) | 0.96 (6.30) | −0.42 | .162 | .250 |
| Self-Management | |||||
| Active and passive coping (FERUS) | 7.35 (7.80) | 2.38 (8.75) | −0.60 | .046* | .068† |
| Self-efficacy (FERUS) | 4.30 (7.31) | −0.54 (9.27) | −0.58 | .053† | .090† |
| Self-verbalization (FERUS) | 5.70 (7.97) | 4.29 (7.75) | −0.18 | .544 | .536 |
| Further outcomes | |||||
| Somatization (SCL-90-R) | −6.65 (8.24) | −0.58 (6.04) | 0.84 | .006* | .012* |
| Hostility (SCL-90-R) | −4.09 (5.63) | 1.42 (9.99) | 0.68 | .025* | .030* |
| Paranoid ideation (SCL-90-R) | −5.78 (7.35) | −1.13 (5.94) | 0.70 | .021* | .019* |
| Psychoticism (SCL-90-R) | −7.78 (7.12) | −0.67 (8.52) | 0.90 | .003* | .005* |
| Hope (FERUS) | 6.22 (10.41) | 0.88 (7.51) | −0.59 | .010* | .016* |
Note. Differences between t0 and t1 (t1 – t0). Negative values on the BDI-II and SCL-90-R indicate improvement in symptoms; positive values on the FERUS indicate improvement in abilities. BDI-II: values between 14 and 19 indicate mild depression, and values between 20 and 28 indicate moderate depression.
†p ≤ .10. *p ≤ .05.