Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Authors (Ref) | Publication year | Sample size (control/intervention) | Country/population | Intervention (name and daily dose) | Duration | Presented data | Age (y) (control, intervention) | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malvasi et al. [17] | 2017 | 35/34 | Italy/overweight pregnant | 138 mg MI + 550 mg DCI | 60 days | TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C | 32.31 ± 5.99, 32.35 ± 4.62 | Decreased TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG |
| Cianci et al. [27] | 2015 | 20/26 | Italy/PCOS | 1000 mg DCI + 600 mg a-lipoic acid | 180 days | TG, TC, HDL-C | 23.8 ± 2.5 | Increased HDL-C |
| Malvasi et al. [18] | 2014 | 24/24 | Italy/overweight pregnant | 2000 mg MI + 400 mg DCI + 400 μg FA + 10 mg manganese | 60 days | TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C | 31.58 ± 5.66, 32.2 ± 5.46 | Decreased TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG |
| D’Anna et al. [24] | 2014 | 24/26 | Italy/postmenopausal women with MetS | 2000 mg MI + 30 mg cocoa polyphenols + 80 mg soy isoflavones | 6 months | TG, HDL-C | 55.5 ± 4.8, 56.3 ± 3.8 | Decreased TG |
| Capasso et al. [25] | 2013 | 78/77 | Italy/postmenopausal women with MetS | 4000 mg Inositol + a-lipoic acid | 6 months | TG, TC, HDL-C | 58.2 ± 5.6, 57.71 ± 7.9 | Decreased TG, increased HDL-C |
| Santamaria et al. [26] | 2012 | 40/40 | Italy/postmenopausal women with MetS | 4000 mg MI (2 g b.i.d) | 12 months | TG, TC, HDL-C | 55 ± 3.2, 55.6 ± 3.2 | Decreased TG, TC, increased HDL-C |
| Giordano et al. [11] | 2011 | 40/40 | Italy/postmenopausal women with MetS | 4000 mg MI (2 g b.i.d) | 6 months | TG, TC, HDL-C | 55 ± 3.2, 55.6 ± 3.2 | Decreased TG, TC, increased HDL-C |
| Minozzi et al. [28] | 2011 | 75/80 | Italy/PCOS | 4000 mg MI + 400 μg FA + combined OCP | 12 months | TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C | 29.4 ± 4.1, 28.8 ± 3.8 | Decreased LDL-C, increased HDL-C |
| Costantino et al. [19] | 2009 | 19/23 | Italy/PCOS | 4000 mg MI + 400 μg FA | 12–16 weeks | TG, TC | 27.1 ± 1.4, 28.8 ± 1.5 | Decreased TG, TC |
| Gerli et al. [20] | 2007 | 47/45 | Italy/PCOS | 4000 mg MI + 400 μg FA | 14 weeks | TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C | 29.7 CI [28.5–30.9], 29.0 CI [27.1–30.9] | Increased HDL-C |
| Kim et al. [21] | 2005 | 15/15 | Republic of Korea/T2DM | 1200 mg (600 mg twice) pinitol (D-3-O-methyl-Chiro-Inositol) | 13 weeks | TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C | 61.7 ± 7.74, 59.9 ± 12 | Decreased TC, LDL-C, Increased HDL-C |
| Gerli et al. [22] | 2003 | 39/26 | Italy/PCOS | 200 mg (100 mg twice) inositol | 14 weeks | TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C | 29.2 CI [27.5–30.7], 28.6 CI [26.9–30.3] | Increased HDL-C |
| Iuorno et al. [16] | 2002 | 10/10 | Venezuela/PCOS | 600 mg DCI | 6–8 weeks | TG, TC | 26.5 ± 4.42, 28.2 ± 4.74 | Decreased TG, TC |
| Nestler et al. [23] | 1999 | 22/22 | Venezuela/PCOS | 1200 mg DCI | 6–8 weeks | TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C | 26 ± 5, 29 ± 6 | Decreased TG |
MI myo-inositol, DCI D-chiro-Inositol, FA folic acid, HDL-C high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, MetS metabolic syndrome, PCOS polycystic ovary syndrome, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus