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. 2016 May 31;4(2):32. doi: 10.3390/sports4020032

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© 2016 by the author.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Natriuretic peptides (NPs) released by the heart have various physiological functions. NPs reduce blood pressure, cardiac burden, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity and increase renal sodium and water excretion. Moreover, NPs enhance lipolysis in human adipose tissue and increase fatty acid oxidation in both adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. NPs also enhance mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle and mitochondrial biogenesis in white adipose tissue, leading to increased energy expenditure in humans.