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. 2017 Oct 16;5(4):80. doi: 10.3390/sports5040080

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Graded exercise testing (GXT) performance outcomes following acute ingestion of a red spinach extract (RSE; ●) and placebo (PBO; ○). Condition means ± SD, as well as individual values, are presented for (a) time-to-exhaustion (in minutes), (b) relative VO₂ peak (in mL/kg/min), and (c) observed ventilatory threshold (in L O₂/min) during the Bruce protocol GXT. Student’s paired t-tests were performed to compare performance between conditions. * Significantly different between conditions (p < 0.05).

Graded exercise testing (GXT) performance outcomes following acute ingestion of a red spinach extract (RSE; ●) and placebo (PBO; ○). Condition means ± SD, as well as individual values, are presented for (a) time-to-exhaustion (in minutes), (b) relative VO₂ peak (in mL/kg/min), and (c) observed ventilatory threshold (in L O₂/min) during the Bruce protocol GXT. Student’s paired t-tests were performed to compare performance between conditions. * Significantly different between conditions (p < 0.05).