Table 3.
Results of Laplace regression with multiple imputations among men in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) and the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES)
| ELSA (men, n = 2,468) differences in 15th percentile of survival, days (95% CI) |
JAGES (men, n = 6,294) differences in 15th percentile of survival, days (95% CI) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| univariate | multivariate | univariate | multivariate | |
| Age (ref. = 65–69) | ||||
| 70–74 | −949.6 (−1,495.8; −403.3) | −818.6 (−1,207.6; −429.6) | −829.3 (−1,115.5;–543.2) | −686.2 (−906.4; −466.0) |
| 75–79 | −1,499.2 (−2,072.7;–925.8) | −1,215.7 (−1,692.3;–739.2) | −1,522.3 (−1,795.6;–1,249.0) | −1,234.8 (−1,434.3;–1,035.2) |
| 80–84 | −1,952.6 (−2,482.1; −1,423.0) | −1,736.6 (−2,156.2;–1,316.9) | −2,080.2 (−2,424.9; −1,735.4) | −1,851.9 (−2,098.7;–1,605.2) |
| 85- | −2,256.6 (−2,760.1; −1,753.0) | −1,974.7 (−2,390.6; −1,558.8) | −2,509.8 (−2,792.2; −2,227.5) | −2,169.5 (−2,505.6; −1,833.4) |
| ADL (ref. = no ADL limitation) | ||||
| Partially disabled | −935.6 (−1,147.5;−723.7) | −591.5 (−891.8; −291.1) | −1,498.5 (−1,761.5;−1,235.5) | −816.9 (−1,277.9; −356.0) |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Cancer | −937.6 (−1,246.9; −628.3) | −1,104.6 (−1,475.5;−733.7) | −1,449.5 (−1,625.9;−1,273.0) | −1,524.3 (−1,822.0;−1,226.5) |
| Heart disease | −669.8 (−875.2; −464.5) | −474.1 (−719.5; −228.7) | −492.5 (−717.6; −267.4) | −338.9 (−514.1;−163.7) |
| Stroke | −548.0 (−752.0; −343.9) | −451.8 (−756.2;−147.3) | −445.1 (−766.1; −124.1) | −241.0 (−644.3; 162.2) |
| Hypertension | 92.6 (−126.4; 311.7) | −13.4 (−266.0; 239.2) | 143.5 (−47.2; 334.2) | −20.8 (−173.9; 132.3) |
| Diabetes | −304.0 (−711.2; 103.2) | −225.7 (−560.0; 108.5) | −508.7 (−774.3; −243.1) | −671.0 (−840.8; −501.2) |
| Psychiatric disorders | 241.5 (−219.7; 702.7) | 227.0 (−290.4; 744.4) | −501.4 (−1,270.6; 267.8) | −669.2 (−1,273.9; −64.5) |
| Education (ref. = 15 years or under) | ||||
| 16–18 years | 127.6 (752.5; 0.0) | 160.8 (−139.2; 460.7) | 441.8 (209.4; 674.2) | −4.9 (−185.4; 175.6) |
| 19 years or more | 736.5 (158.3; 1,314.7) | 458.6 (93.2; 824.1) | 476.7 (230.2; 723.1) | 172.7 (−43.5; 389.0) |
| Family-based social relationships (marital status, ref = married) | ||||
| Divorced and widowed | −729.2 (−913.3; −545.1) | −237.0 (−509.3; 35.3) | −841.9 (−1,097.9;−585.9) | −190.9 (−383.5; 1.7) |
| Non-married | −640.2 (−1,152.1;−128.4) | −765.6 (−1,343.4;−187.7) | 86.8 (−1,155.2; 1,328.8) | −525.3 (−1,372.2; 321.6) |
| Friendships-based social relationships (social network, ref. = meet up with friend once or more a week) | ||||
| Once or twice a month | 130.8 (−206.9; 468.5) | 133.0 (−213.0; 479.0) | −76.3 (−287.4; 134.8) | −60.2 (−239.3; 118.9) |
| Less than once a month | 105.6 (−244.5; 455.7) | 165.6 (−170.6; 501.9) | −700.4 (−884.2; −516.5) | −297.9 (−472.9; −122.9) |
| Physical activity (ref. = no sports club participation) | ||||
| Yes | 830.4 (94.7; 1,566.2) | 285.1 (−314.1; 884.3) | 839.5 (578.2; 1,100.8) | 245.7 (43.0; 448.5) |
| Alcohol drinking (ref. = non) | ||||
| Not every day | 190.4 (−349.6; 730.4) | −60.9 (−517.7; 396.0) | 670.6 (444.8; 896.4) | 386.6 (160.8; 612.4) |
| Every day | 190.7 (−363.5; 745.0) | 44.9 (−461.7; 551.6) | 777.0 (611.4; 942.7) | 330.2 (158.9; 501.6) |
| Smoking (ref. = current smoker) | ||||
| Past smoker | 350.1 (−4.3; 704.5) | 592.9 (194.2; 991.6) | 306.1 (79.3; 532.9) | 433.6 (271.9; 595.4) |
| Never smoker | 562.7 (135.9; 989.6) | 830.5 (417.7; 1,243.3) | 494.9 (224.1; 765.6) | 579.1 (370.5; 787.7) |
| BMI (ref. = 22.5–24.9) | ||||
| <18.5 | −745.7 (−1,418.3; −73.2) | −415.2 (−1,537.7; 707.2) | −1,536.0 (−1,724.8;−1,347.1) | −678.9 (−875.0; −482.7) |
| 18.5–22.4 | −252.0 (−704.0; 200.0) | −292.8 (−889.9; 304.2) | −623.5 (−821.1;−425.8) | −297.3 (−487.1; −107.5) |
| ≥25 | 137.7 (−226.2; 501.6) | 78.8 (−189.6; 347.1) | −70.9 (−296.1; 154.3) | −120.5 (−329.6; 88.6) |
ADL, activities of daily living; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval.