Table 1.

Comparison of sexual health (GUM) clinic attenders and non-attenders in the past year, among those (16–74 years) classified as having had unsafe sex (past year), by sex

	Men					Women
	Attenders	Non-attenders	aOR for non-attendance*	95% CI	p Value†	Attenders	Non-attenders	aOR for non-attendance*	95% CI	p Value†
Denominators (unwt, wt)	146, 110	856, 877				267, 149	986, 666
Sociodemographic factors
Age at interview					<0.0001					<0.0001
16–24	64.4%	23.6%	1.00			62.4%	26.6%	1.00
	(54.7% to 73.0%)	(20.9% to 26.6%)				(55.3% to 69.1%)	(23.8% to 29.6%)
25–34	20.5%	21.4%	2.84	(1.76  to 4.58)		23.1%	24.6%	2.49	(1.71 to 3.63)
	(14.5% to 28.3%)	(18.6% to 24.5%)				(17.7% to 29.6%)	(21.7% to 27.7%)
35–44	7.9%	18.0%	6.23	(2.31 to 16.82)		10.1%	21.0%	4.86	(2.51 to 9.42)
	(3.2% to 18.1%)	(14.8% to 21.7%)				(5.7% to 17.5%)	(17.9% to 24.5%)
45+	7.2%	37.0%	13.95	(5.92 to 32.85)		4.3%	27.8%	15.22	(6.64 to 34.87)
	(3.3% to 15.2%)	(33.2% to 41.0%)				(2.0% to 9.1%)	(24.3% to 31.7%)
Relationship status					0.3864					0.0082
Married or civil partnership	3.7%	27.8%	3.68	(0.63 to 21.50)		5.1%	22.0%	2.23	(0.88 to 5.60)
	(0.7% to 17.7%)	(24.0% to 31.9%)				(2.3% to 11.0%)	(18.6% to 25.8%)
Living with partner of opposite or same sex	15.8%	14.4%	1.07	(0.58 to 1.97)		7.3%	16.3%	2.64	(1.31 to 5.33)
	(9.9% to 24.3%)	(12.0% to 17.3%)				(4.0% to 12.9%)	(13.7% to 19.2%)
In a ‘steady’ ongoing relationship but not living together	29.0%	24.0%	1.27	(0.82 to 1.97)		40.4%	25.5%	0.89	(0.63 to 1.27)
	(21.8% to 37.3%)	(21.2% to 27.1%)				(33.9% to 47.2%)	(22.6% to 28.6%)
Not in ‘steady’ relationship	51.5%	33.8%	1.00			47.2%	36.2%	1.00
	(42.4% to 60.5%)	(30.3% to 37.4%)				(40.1% to 54.4%)	(32.8% to 39.8%)
Academic qualifications‡					0.6424					0.0001
No academic qualifications	11.9%	22.6%	0.98	(0.50 to 1.91)		6.2%	19.6%	2.62	(1.32 to 5.19)
	(7.4% to 18.7%)	(19.3% to 26.3%)				(3.5% to 11.0%)	(16.6% to 23.0%)
Academic qualifications typically gained at age 16 years	39.1%	36.1%	0.81	(0.50 to 1.30)		23.0%	38.9%	2.09	(1.43 to 3.07)
	(30.7% to 48.1%)	(32.5% to 40.0%)				(17.8% to 29.3%)	(35.3% to 42.7%)
Studying for or have attained further academic qualifications	49.0%	41.2%	1.00			70.7%	41.4%	1.00
	(39.7% to 58.4%)	(37.3% to 45.2%)				(63.8% to 76.8%)	(37.7% to 45.3%)
Quintile of Index of Multiple Deprivation§					0.219					0.0028
1–2 (least deprived)	36.9%	34.4%	0.78	(0.50 to 1.24)		39.7%	32.8%	0.74	(0.50 to 1.12)
	(28.5% to 46.2%)	(30.6% to 38.3%)				(32.0% to 47.9%)	(29.2% to 36.6%)
3	14.9%	18.3%	1.29	(0.76 to 2.19)		11.6%	21.2%	1.77	(1.14 to 2.73)
	(9.9% to 21.7%)	(15.4% to 21.7%)				(8.3% to 16.1%)	(18.2% to 24.6%)
4–5 (most deprived)	48.2%	47.3%	1.00			48.7%	46.0%	1.00
	(39.4% to 57.2%)	(43.3% to 51.4%)				(41.0% to 56.5%)	(42.1% to 49.9%)
Sexual behaviours
Had first heterosexual intercourse before  16 years¶					0.1168					0.191
No	51.1%	63.8%	1.00			55.2%	70.4%	1.00
	(42.1% to 60.2%)	(60.1% to 67.4%)				(48.1% to 62.2%)	(67.1% to 73.6%)
Yes	48.9%	36.2%	0.73	(0.49 to 1.08)		44.8%	29.6%	0.80	(0.57 to 1.12)
	(39.8% to 57.9%)	(32.6% to 39.9%)				(37.8% to 51.9%)	(26.4% to 32.9%)
Number of sexual partners, past year**					<0.0001					<0.0001
1	22.9%	38.4%	1.00			20.3%	49.3%	1.00
	(16.0% to 31.7%)	(34.7% to 42.2%)				(15.3% to 26.5%)	(45.6% to 52.9%)
2	12.4%	29.9%	1.43	(0.73 to 2.77)		26.9%	25.8%	0.45	(0.29 to 0.72)
	(7.8% to 19.2%)	(26.4% to 33.7%)				(20.8% to 33.9%)	(22.7% to 29.3%)
3–4	31.9%	19.6%	0.41	(0.23 to 0.74)		31.7%	15.4%	0.30	(0.19 to 0.46)
	(23.7% to 41.4%)	(16.6% to 22.8%)				(25.8% to 38.1%)	(13.1% to 18.0%)
5+	32.7%	12.1%	0.25	(0.14 to 0.44)		21.2%	9.5%	0.31	(0.18 to 0.54)
	(24.8% to 41.7%)	(9.9% to 14.8%)				(15.7% to 28.0%)	(7.5% to 11.9%)
Concurrency, past year					0.0891					<0.0001
No	61.9%	67.1%	1.00			58.1%	78.4%	1.00
	(52.1% to 70.8%)	(62.8% to 71.1%)				(50.3% to 65.6%)	(74.9% to 81.5%)
Yes	38.1%	32.9%	0.67	(0.42 to 1.06)		41.9%	21.6%	0.43	(0.29 to 0.64)
	(29.2% to 47.9%)	(28.9% to 37.2%)				(34.4% to 49.7%)	(18.5% to 25.1%)
At least one partnership with age gap of at least 5 years, past year					0.0049					0.256
No	55.8%	45.1%	1.00			55.2%	48.6%	1.00
	(46.2% to 64.9%)	(41.2% to 49.1%)				(48.2% to 62.0%)	(45.0% to 52.3%)
Yes	44.2%	54.9%	0.53	(0.34 to 0.83)		44.8%	51.4%	0.82	(0.58 to 1.15)
	(35.1% to 53.8%)	(50.9% to 58.8%)				(38.0% to 51.8%)	(47.7% to 55.0%)
Used the internet to find a sexual partner, past year					0.0001					0.0659
No	72.7%	84.9%	1.00			87.6%	90.9%	1.00
	(64.6% to 79.5%)	(81.9% to 87.5%)				(80.4% to 92.4%)	(88.8% to 92.7%)
Yes	27.3%	15.1%	0.39	(0.25 to 0.62)		12.4%	9.1%	0.52	(0.26 to 1.04)
	(20.5% to 35.4%)	(12.5% to 18.1%)				(7.6% to 19.6%)	(7.3% to 11.2%)
Anal sex with opposite sex partner, past year					0.2436					0.0053
No	67.4%	75.3%	1.00			66.9%	81.2%	1.00
	(58.8% to 75.0%)	(71.8% to 78.5%)				(60.2% to 73.0%)	(78.2% to 83.8%)
Yes	32.6%	24.7%	0.78	(0.52 to 1.18)		33.1%	18.8%	0.59	(0.41 to 0.85)
	(25.0% to 41.2%)	(21.5% to 28.2%)				(27.0% to 39.8%)	(16.2% to 21.8%)
Had 1+ same sex partner, past year
No	93.3%	96.4%				91.6%	97.2%
	(86.9% to 96.7%)	(94.6% to 97.7%)				(85.3% to 95.4%)	(95.9% to 98.1%)
Yes	6.7%	3.6%	††			8.4%	2.8%	††
	(3.3% to 13.1%)	(2.3% to 5.4%)				(4.6% to 14.7%)	(1.9% to 4.1%)
Had 1+ partner who normally lives outside the UK, past 5 years					0.0371					0.0426
No	69.7%	81.0%	1.00			83.2%	90.2%	1.00
	(60.0% to 77.9%)	(77.7% to 84.0%)				(76.6% to 88.3%)	(88.0% to 92.1%)
Yes	30.3%	19.0%	0.59	(0.35 to 0.97)		16.8%	9.8%	0.57	(0.33 to 0.98)
	(22.1% to 40.0%)	(16.0% to 22.3%)				(11.7% to 23.4%)	(7.9% to 12.0%)
STI risk perception					0.0062					0.0048
Not at all at risk	29.7%	48.2%	1.00			37.5%	57.9%	1.00
	(21.4% to 39.6%)	(44.2% to 52.1%)				(30.5% to 45.1%)	(54.2% to 61.5%)
Not very much	46.6%	42.3%	0.80	(0.48 to 1.31)		44.7%	33.9%	0.65	(0.44 to 0.95)
	(37.5% to 55.9%)	(38.6% to 46.1%)				(37.2% to 52.3%)	(30.5% to 37.5%)
Greatly/Quite a lot at risk	23.7%	9.5%	0.41	(0.23 to 0.73)		17.9%	8.2%	0.43	(0.25 to 0.74)
	(17.0% to 32.0%)	(7.6% to 11.8%)				(12.2% to 25.3%)	(6.4% to 10.3%)
Among 16–44 year olds denominators (unwt, wt)	139, 102	621, 553				260, 142	811, 481
Reported testing for Chlamydia, past year
No	10.3%	81.3%				13.9%	61.0%
	(6.3% to 16.4%)	(77.7% to 84.4%)				(9.4% to 20.1%)	(57.0% to 64.8%)
Yes	89.7%	18.7%				86.1%	39.0%
	(83.6% to 93.7%)	(15.6% to 22.3%)				(79.9% to 90.6%)	(35.2% to 43.0%)

*Age-adjusted ORs, adjusting for age as a continous variable.

†pValues for wald test for association between each variable and non-attendance after adjustment for age

‡Participants aged ≥17 years.

§Index of Multiple Deprivation is an area-level measure of deprivation [ref Payne & Abel].³³

¶First heterosexual sex age 13+.

**Opposite and/or same-sex partners.

††ORs not presented due to cell sizes<30.

GUM, genitourinary medicine.