Table 2.
Multiple logistic regression assessing the association between inconsistent condom use with regular and casual partners among people living with HIV
| Characteristic | Inconsistent condom use with regular partner (n=1 655) | Inconsistent condom use with casual partner (n=945) | ||
| n (%†) | AOR‡ (95% CI) | n (%†) | AOR§ (95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 891 (38.2) | 1 | 651 (45.2) | 1 |
| Female | 747 (51.3) | 1.55 (0.91 to 2.62) | 240 (53.3) | 1.71 (1.08 to 2.70)* |
| Transgender | 17 (44.7) | 1.15 (0.25 to 5.34) | 54 (35.1) | 0.83 (0.49 to 1.38) |
| Living area | ||||
| Large town or city | 954 (48.7) | 1 | 676 (48.5) | 1 |
| Small town | 442 (37.1) | 0.69 (0.53 to 0.93)* | 160 (41.0) | 0.73 (0.44 to 1.23) |
| Rural area | 258 (38.5) | 0.60 (0.42 to 0.86)* | 109 (42.3) | 0.69 (0.43 to 1.11) |
| Key populations¶ | ||||
| Sex worker | 249 (60.1) | 1.57 (1.219 to 2.05)** | ||
| Refugee | 100 (62.9) | 2.74 (1.709 to 4.44)** | 73 (76.0) | 5.15 (2.09 to 12.66)** |
| Prisoner | 64 (57.7) | 1.61 (0.75 to 3.45) | ||
| Physical assault | ||||
| No | 851 (45.6) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 94 (53.7) | 57 (1.25 to 1.99)** | ||
| Illicit drug use | ||||
| Never | 607 (44.8) | 1 | ||
| Past user | 213 (43.7) | 1.26 (0.77 to 2.07) | ||
| Current user | 125 (62.2) | 1.90 (1.08 to 3.36)* | ||
| Place of HIV diagnosis | ||||
| Private hospital | 234 (45.4) | 1 | ||
| Government hospital or VCT centre in a hospital |
945 (44.1) | 0.73 (0.44 to 1.22) | ||
| VCT centre in an NGO | 345 (37.5) | 0.63 (0.51 to 90.77)** | ||
| Others†† | 131 (53.25) | 0.92 (0.44 to 1.90) | ||
| Current enrolment in ART | ||||
| No | 376 (53.0) | 1.40 (1.09 to 1.81)* | ||
| Yes | 569 (42.7) | 1 | ||
| HIV-related literacy‡‡ | ||||
| Condoms are still needed when the viral load is undetectable | 1136 (40.9) | 0.93 (0.65 to 1.33) | ||
| Sexual risk behaviour can lead to a drug resistance type of HIV | 1180 (41.4) | 0.91 (0.67 to 1.21) | 676 (44.5) | 0.83 (0.59 to 1.18) |
| Condoms are still needed if both partners are HIV positive | 1193 (40.0) | 0.52 (0.46 to 0.62)*** | 737 (44.8) | 0.76 (0.66 to 0.89)*** |
| HIV status of the regular partner | ||||
| Negative | 342 (25.9) | 1 | ||
| Positive | 1 086 (50.6) | 3.03 (1.92 to 4.80)** | ||
| Unknown | 227 (63.6) | 2.76 (1.69 to 4.51)** | ||
| Condom availability | ||||
| Always or mostly | 1 172 (35.9) | 1 | 631 (36.8) | 1 |
| Sometimes | 315 (88.0) | 12.60 (7.76 to 20.49)*** | 231 (95.9) | 46.30 (20.51 to 104.51)*** |
| Never | 159 (86.9) | 8.52 (5.24 to 13.8)*** | 82 (93.2) | 25.71 (9.11 to 72.48)*** |
*p≤0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.
†Percentages are based on row frequencies.
‡Adjusted for age, occupation, non-governmental organisation/community-based organisation membership, income, social support from friends, housing instability, self-rated health, drug and alcohol consumption, children and the desire to have children, time since HIV diagnosis, current enrolment in ART, disclosure of the own HIV status to the partner, sex with someone else and the variables listed within the table.
§Adjusted for age, education, non-governmental organisation/community-based organisation membership, social support from family, self-rated health, time since HIV diagnosis, place of HIV diagnosis and the variables listed in the table.
¶Multiple responses were possible. Not belonging to the respective key population functioned as reference category in the regression. All key populations were included in bivariate analysis, but only those categories that were significant or marginally significant (>0.05 but <0.10) in bivariate analysis were presented in table.
††Participants were asked to specify; most frequent answers were ‘abroad’ and ‘mobile VCT’.
‡‡Not knowing the respective fact functioned as reference category.
AOR, adjusted OR; ART, antiretroviral therapy; VCT, voluntary counselling and testing.