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. 2018 Feb 16;19(1):19.1.6. doi: 10.1128/jmbe.v19i1.1440

TABLE 1B.

CLASS-Bio outcomes in upper-level CREATE, in electives on other campuses and in a longitudinal study.

CLASS-Bio category Upper-level CREATE Upper-level elective Ba Upper-level elective Db Longitudinalc year 1—year 4
% agree with experts Nature of signif shift % agree with experts Nature of signif shift % agree with experts Nature of signif shift % agree with experts Nature of signif shift
pre post pre post pre post pre post
Overall 71.2 78.0 Expert 65 66 — 74 74 — 64.5 72 Expert
Real world conn. 80.6 87.8 Expert 72 74 — 84 85 — 78 85 Expert
Enjoyment 79.0 87.8 Expert 68 74 Expert 85 85 — 74 82 Expert
PS, reasoning 82.1 86.4 — 75 72 — 83 83 — 74 80 Expert
PS, synth/app. 52.8 64.6 Expert 60 65 Expert 58 59 — 54* 60* —
PS, strategies 75.7 76.2 — 68 70 — 75 74 — 65* 70* —
PS, effort 74.8 77.2 — 67 69 — 77 76 — 67* 70* —
CC, Memoriz. 73.3 81.4 Expert 67 67 — 81 81 — 66 74 Expert

Comparison of CLASS-Bio outcomes in CCNY upper-level CREATE courses with findings from previous studies in upper-level electives and across a 4-year college experience. Data from ((1); a, b) and a study comparing first-year with 4th year students ((13; c). Upper-level CREATE classes (4 cohorts, n = 57 matched-pairs) made significant shifts in the expert-like direction Overall and in the majority of additional categories. See Table S1b, Appendix 2 for p values and effect sizes for these matched-pairs, and data from full cohort (all-participants). Upper-level electives in studies by others (a, b) showed no significant shifts Overall and expert-like shifts in few (a) or no (b) additional categories. Students compared in year 1 and year 4 of their college careers (c) made shifts comparable with those of the CREATE course.

a

Data from (1), n = 126, pre/post difference > 2 SE.

b

Data from (1), n = 81, pre/post difference > 2 SE.

c

Data from a study comparing first-year with graduating students (13), n = 83 matched-pairs, 2-tailed t test,

*

values estimated from (13), Fig. 1.

CCNY = City College of New York; — = lack of significant pre/post change; conn. = connection; PS = problem solving; synth/app = synthesis and application; CC, Memoriz. = conceptual connections/memorization; signif = significant.