Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics for Mothers at Third Follow-Up Assessment (1997 – 1998) by Incarceration Status of Sons (N = 615)
| Variable | Mothers Without Incarcerated Sons (N = 477) | Mothers With Incarcerated Sons (N = 138) | Test Statistic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age | 61.83, 5.589 | 61.72,5.330 | t = .201 |
| Marital status (%) | χ2 = 9.185† | ||
| Married | 33.8 | 21.0 | |
| Cohabiting | 1.5 | 1.4 | |
| Divorced/separated | 29.2 | 37.0 | |
| Widowed | 29.0 | 31.2 | |
| Never married | 6.5 | 9.4 | |
| Household composition (%) | χ2 = 10.173* | ||
| Live alone | 21.3 | 18.1 | |
| Live with husband or partner | 20.8 | 14.5 | |
| Live with adult child(ren) | 36.4 | 50.0 | |
| Live with husband and adult child(ren) | 13.1 | 8.0 | |
| Live with others | 8.4 | 9.4 | |
| Education (%) | χ2 = 16.80** | ||
| Less than high school | 52.0 | 64.5 | |
| High school | 35.0 | 34.1 | |
| More than high school | 13.0 | 1.4 | |
| Employment (%) | χ2 = 2.218 | ||
| Employed | 40.3 | 37.7 | |
| Retired | 40.9 | 37.7 | |
| Other | 18.9 | 24.6 | |
| Annual household income 1996 (%) | χ2 = 6.931† | ||
| Less than $10,000 | 25.6 | 33.3 | |
| $10,000–$25,000 | 31.9 | 23.2 | |
| $25,000 or more | 26.8 | 23.2 | |
| Missing | 15.7 | 20.3 |
†
p < .10.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.