Table 1.
Characteristics of study population categorized by postoperative delirium (N=155)
| No delirium (n=98) | Delirium (n=57) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical variables | |||
| Age | 62.5 (57–66) | 60 (53–64) | 0.087 |
| Male gender | 61 (62%) | 37 (65)% | 0.74 |
| Caucasian Race | 88 (90%) | 49 (86%) | 0.47 |
| Native lung disease | |||
| COPD | 25 (26%) | 20 (35%) | 0.195 |
| CF/Non-CF Bronchiectasis | 11 (11%) | 6 (11%) | |
| Interstitial lung disease | 55 (56%) | 23 (40%) | |
| Other | 7 (7%) | 8 (14%) | |
| History of anxiety | 35 (36%) | 26 (46%) | 0.22 |
| History of depression | 28 (29%) | 21 (37%) | 0.29 |
| Pre-transplant medications | |||
| Corticosteroids | 44 (45%) | 25 (44%) | 0.90 |
| Immunosuppression | 12 (12%) | 8 (14%) | 0.75 |
| Opiates | 14 (14%) | 7 (12%) | 0.73 |
| Antidepressants | 29 (30%) | 17 (30%) | 0.98 |
| Benzodiazepines | 25 (25%) | 21 (37%) | 0.136 |
| Lung allocation score | 39.0 (34.7–46.8) | 41.5 (33.8–52.6) | 0.48 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.4 (22.5–29.7) | 26.2 (21.9–29.5) | 0.84 |
| Bilateral transplant | 50 (51%) | 40 (70%) | 0.020 |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass | 20 (20%) | 23 (40%) | 0.007 |
| Duration of operation (minutes) | 463 (398–536) | 524 (434–606) | 0.004 |
| Total ischemic time (minutes) | 288 (228–355) | 328 (261–370) | 0.023 |
| Postoperative benzodiazepine treatment | 38 (39%) | 35 (61%) | 0.007 |
| Grade 3 PGD (Days 0–3) | 31 (32%) | 35 (63%) | <0.001 |
| Hemodynamic variables (n=152) | |||
| Median MAP (mmHg) | 77.5 (72–84) | 73.3 (68–82) | 0.057 |
| Lowest MAP (mmHg) | 43.5 (37–50) | 38.5 (34–44.5) | 0.015 |
| Minutes with MAP <60mmHg | 22.5 (8–82.5) | 76 (17–129) | 0.002 |
| Median CPP (mmHg) | 62 (55.5–69) | 57 (51–65) | 0.019 |
| Lowest CPP (mmHg) | 26.5 (16–35) | 20 (14–30) | 0.118 |
| Minutes with CPP <50mmHg | 39 (14–131.5) | 109 (22.5–176.5) | 0.016 |
| Plasma biomarkers (n=91) | |||
| NSE (ng/mL) | 10.3 (7.6–12.8) | 12.5 (9.7–16.6) | 0.013 |
| GFAP (ng/mL) | 0.128 (0.063–0.196) | 0.104 (0.03–0.197) | 0.43 |
| Long-term outcome | |||
| 1-year mortality | 7 (7.1%) | 7 (12.3%) | 0.28 |
Data expressed as median (interquartile range) or frequency (percent).
Definition of abbreviations: COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CF = cystic fibrosis; PGD = primary graft dysfunction; MAP = mean arterial pressure; CPP = cerebral perfusion pressure; NSE = neuron specific enolase; GFAP = glial fibrillary acidic protein