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. 2018 May 25;8:8121. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26445-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Surface loop and aromatic residues limiting access to the AAO FAD. (a) Area of channel opening on the AAO surface, with the 395–406 loop in transparent light blue. (b) Semitransparent surface showing the aromatic gate-keeping Tyr92, Phe397 and Phe501 aromatic residues (sticks in olive green), loop (green) and its contiguous β-strand residues (pale yellow cartoon), the catalytic His502 (grey) and FAD (grey), with one p-anisic acid molecule at the active site. From AAO:p-anisic acid structure (PDB 5OC1)¹⁷.