Fig. 2.

Over-expression of TaCIPK23 in Arabidopsis increased seeds germination rate and root growth under drought treatment. a-b Five-day-old seedlings grown on 1/2 MS were transferred to 1/2 MS medium containing various concentrations of PEG6000 (0 and 3%). c RT-PCR analysis of TaCIPK23 gene expression from TaCIPK23-overexpression and wild-type (Col-0) plants. Expression of Actin was analyzed as a loading control. d-f Time-course of germination percentages of transgenic lines and wild-type seeds in response to PEG6000 treatment. Each data point is the mean (±SE) of three experiments (each with 100 seeds for each line). g Measurements of fresh weight. h Measurements of total root length. i Measurement of lateral roots number. Each data point is the mean (±SE) of three experiments (30 seedlings per experiment). Significant differences from the WT are denoted by two asterisks corresponding to P < 0.01 by Student’s t-tests