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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 30.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Neurosci. 2018 Apr 30;21(6):881–893. doi: 10.1038/s41593-018-0139-8

Figure 4. Spatiotemporal activation of cortical inhibition.

Figure 4

a)Example image of in vivo loose patch recording of a PV-neuron expressing AAV-ST-Chronos-mRuby2 (scalebar = 10 μm).

b) Fraction of PV, SOM, and VIP neurons expressing AAV-DIO-ST-Chronos-mRuby2 that could be induced to fire action potentials in vivo using 3D-SHOT.

c) Line plots showing mean spike probability at 1 Hz as a function of stimulation power for inhibitory neurons expressing ST-Chronos (PV: n = 10, SOM: n = 7, VIP: n= 14 cells).

d–f) Representative experiments showing in vivo 3D-SHOT Poisson stimulation of PV (30 Hz), SOM (10 Hz), or VIP (10 Hz) neurons expressing ST-Chronos (green: light-evoked action potentials, orange: failures, gray: spontaneous activity).

g–i) Bar graphs indicating the jitter, spike probability, and fidelity index score for 3D-SHOT Poisson stimulation of PV, SOM, or VIP neurons expressing ST-Chronos (PV: n = 7, SOM: n = 7, VIP: n = 9 cells).

j) Spike probability as a function of instantaneous stimulation frequency for PV (brown), SOM (blue), or VIP (purple) neurons undergoing Poisson-stimulation in vivo (PV: n = 7, SOM: n = 7, VIP: n = 9 cells). All data represent mean and s.e.m.