Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2018 Apr 24;116:239–247. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.030

Table 4.

Cross-sectional associations between annual average outdoor residential air pollution concentrations and leukocyte mosaic loss of chromosome Y in current non-smokers

Age-adjusted Multivariable-adjusted
Air pollutant β 95% CI Lo 95% CI Up p-value β Ψ 95% CI Lo 95% CI Up p-value
Coarse Particulate Matter (PM10)
 tertile 2 vs. 1 −0.0054 −0.0102 −0.0006 0.03 * −0.0035 −0.0088 0.0017 0.19
 tertile 3 vs. 1 −0.0064 −0.0112 −0.0017 0.01 * −0.0051 −0.0102 −9.72E-06 0.05 *
 Ordinal p-trend 0.01 * 0.04 *
Carbon monoxide (CO)
 tertile 2 vs. 1 0.0005 −0.0045 0.0055 0.84 0.0004 −0.0051 0.0059 0.89
 tertile 3 vs. 1 −0.0005 −0.0054 0.0044 0.84 0.0020 −0.0034 0.0074 0.47
 Ordinal p-trend 0.83 0.46
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
 tertile 2 vs. 1 −0.0006 −0.0055 0.0043 0.81 −0.0022 −0.0078 0.0034 0.44
 tertile 3 vs. 1 0.0017 −0.0032 0.0066 0.50 −0.0003 −0.0075 0.0070 0.95
 Ordinal p-trend 0.49 0.90
Ozone (O3)
 tertile 2 vs. 1 −0.0039 −0.0087 0.0010 0.12 −0.0032 −0.0081 0.0016 0.19
 tertile 3 vs. 1 −0.0001 −0.0050 0.0048 0.97 0.0062 −0.0001 0.0125 0.05
 Ordinal p-trend 0.89 0.25
Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
 tertile 2 vs. 1 0.0010 −0.0038 0.0058 0.68 0.0033 −0.0025 0.0091 0.26
 tertile 3 vs. 1 0.0025 −0.0023 0.0073 0.31 0.0043 −0.0106 0.0192 0.57
 Ordinal p-trend 0.32 0.28
*

p-values<0.05 were considered statistically significant. The outcome was the fluorescent signal intensity (median log R ratio (mLRR)) of a male-specific region of ChrY: 7502455–21979204 measured using Illumina 370CNV-Duo genotyping arrays. Decreased mLRR reflects greater mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) in a population of leukocytes.

Ψ

Single pollutant linear regression models were adjusted for clinic, race/cohort, age, BMI, and smoking pack-years. The effective sample size was 820 men for the age-adjusted analyses and 790 for the multivariable-adjusted analyses due to missing smoking pack-year data. Tertiles (PM10: <28.48, 28.48 to <36.08, 36.08 μg/m3; CO: <0.98, 0.98 to <1.28, 1.28 ppb; NO2: <17.25, 17.25 to <25.95, 25.95 ppb; O3: <19.60, 19.60 to <27.95, 27.95 ppb; SO2: <9.87, 9.87 to <16.12, 16.12 ppb).