Table 2.

Results from simulation 1 and 2 (N=500). In the imputation and dropout models of method (1), is modeled as a covariate, and in the imputation and dropout models of method (2), is stratified on.

(a) Bias (), standardized bias (s-bias) and standard error () from simulation 1
Parameter
	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE
CC	30.7	101.0	11.6	5.4	13.8	16.7	14.0	32.4	21.2	64.1	130.8	27.2	8.1	20.8	16.4	8.0	15.9	22.9	4.0	7.2	28.0	12.0	19.3	35.1
IEE	16.1	97.9	16.4	31.7	134.7	23.5	34.6	109.7	31.5	44.6	105.3	42.3	1.5	6.5	23.0	5.2	15.7	33.5	6.7	16.3	41.2	4.5	8.3	54.7
IPW	0.3	1.6	16.0	0.7	3.0	23.2	0.8	2.4	32.5	0.1	0.3	46.3	0.1	0.5	23.2	0.4	1.3	34.8	1.0	2.4	44.0	1.0	1.7	60.8
IPW	0.3	1.6	16.0	0.8	3.3	23.2	0.9	2.7	32.4	0.5	1.0	46.4	0.1	0.5	23.2	0.5	1.3	34.9	1.1	2.5	44.1	0.8	1.3	61.2
IPW (1)	0.3	1.9	15.9	0.8	3.2	23.3	0.8	2.4	32.6	0.1	0.3	46.3	0.1	0.5	23.2	0.5	1.3	34.8	1.0	2.3	44.0	1.0	1.7	60.9
IPW (2)	0.4	2.3	15.7	1.0	4.0	23.8	0.6	2.0	32.9	0.5	1.0	46.4	0.1	0.3	22.7	0.6	1.7	35.1	0.8	1.8	44.5	0.8	1.3	61.2
AIPW	0.2	1.5	15.2	1.1	5.1	22.2	1.3	4.2	30.1	1.3	2.9	43.1	0.1	0.3	21.2	0.9	3.0	32.0	1.5	3.8	40.0	2.2	3.9	55.5
AIPW(1)	0.3	1.7	15.1	1.3	5.8	22.2	1.4	4.8	29.8	0.9	2.1	43.2	0.0	0.2	21.0	1.0	3.0	31.8	1.6	4.1	39.8	1.9	3.4	55.6
AIPW(2)	0.3	2.0	15.1	1.3	5.8	22.6	1.3	4.2	30.2	1.0	2.3	43.2	0.0	0.0	21.0	0.9	2.7	32.2	1.4	3.6	40.4	2.0	3.6	55.7
LI	0.3	1.6	15.3	4.4	20.2	21.8	10.5	36.5	28.7	17.8	43.9	40.5	0.1	0.5	21.2	1.1	3.5	31.0	4.8	12.6	37.9	7.0	13.6	51.4
LI(1)	0.4	2.5	15.1	2.3	10.7	21.8	1.0	3.6	28.9	1.6	3.9	40.8	0.2	0.8	21.0	1.5	4.9	30.8	1.6	4.2	37.9	2.4	4.7	51.4
LI(2)	0.4	2.9	15.2	1.7	7.8	22.0	1.5	5.1	29.7	1.4	3.4	41.4	0.2	0.8	21.1	1.4	4.6	31.2	1.8	4.5	39.0	2.4	4.6	52.4
MI	0.4	2.9	15.2	5.3	24.3	21.9	12.0	41.7	28.8	19.7	48.7	40.4	0.1	0.4	21.0	1.2	3.8	31.2	5.0	13.2	38.1	7.3	14.2	51.4
MI(1)	0.6	4.0	15.2	1.7	7.8	21.8	1.3	4.5	29.0	1.7	4.2	41.0	0.4	1.7	21.1	1.7	5.5	30.8	1.3	3.5	37.9	1.6	3.2	51.5
MI(2)	0.3	2.2	15.2	2.4	10.8	22.1	3.1	10.4	29.8	3.0	7.3	41.4	0.2	0.9	21.1	1.6	5.1	31.4	1.9	4.7	39.1	2.6	4.9	52.6
bias, standardized bias, and standard error for CC (complete case): and
bias, standardized bias, and standard error for all other methods: and .
(b) Bias (), standardized bias (s-bias) and standard error () from simulation 2
Parameter
	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE	bias	s-bias	SE
CC	25.7	92.0	11.6	7.2	20.5	16.7	0.9	2.2	21.2	39.9	88.9	27.2	5.9	16.2	16.4	5.5	12.1	22.9	1.9	3.7	28.0	6.8	11.9	35.1
IEE¶	15.7	97.5	16.1	37.0	159.7	23.2	50.7	169.4	29.9	59.7	153.2	38.9	2.4	10.7	22.4	4.1	12.8	32.0	13.6	34.0	40.0	9.7	19.1	50.7
IPW¶	0.9	5.5	15.6	3.1	13.0	23.6	13.3	42.2	31.5	11.5	28.1	41.0	1.1	5.0	22.7	2.0	6.0	32.9	5.4	12.7	42.4	4.1	7.4	55.9
IPW¶	0.9	5.5	15.6	2.3	9.9	23.7	11.6	36.2	32.1	18.5	44.7	41.4	1.1	5.0	22.7	0.2	0.7	33.0	10.4	23.9	43.7	14.3	25.1	57.0
IPW (1)¶	1.3	8.5	15.8	17.4	62.9	27.7	3.2	8.3	38.4	24.8	63.4	39.0	1.0	4.6	22.7	9.4	25.0	37.5	12.1	22.9	52.6	10.0	18.8	53.4
IPW (2)¶	3.6	21.7	16.4	3.1	12.9	23.9	1.6	4.4	36.1	18.5	44.7	41.4	3.6	15.7	23.3	7.3	21.3	34.4	8.0	16.7	47.9	14.3	25.1	57.0
AIPW¶	0.8	5.3	14.8	1.9	8.7	22.3	9.2	31.2	29.6	18.5	46.1	40.2	1.0	4.9	20.5	0.4	1.5	30.3	5.0	12.8	39.0	12.2	23.6	51.7
AIPW (1)¶	1.9	13.0	14.9	2.3	9.7	23.8	3.7	11.7	31.3	14.2	38.0	37.5	3.1	15.1	20.4	3.4	10.5	32.3	1.3	3.2	41.8	8.2	16.9	48.5
AIPW (2)¶	4.7	30.2	15.5	1.5	6.6	23.0	3.2	9.8	32.8	14.8	37.8	39.2	5.6	26.8	21.0	2.2	6.9	31.7	0.8	1.9	42.5	8.9	17.4	51.2
LI¶	0.8	5.3	14.8	1.0	4.7	21.6	1.9	6.9	27.8	1.9	5.0	37.0	1.0	5.0	20.3	0.9	3.2	29.4	1.8	4.9	36.7	3.2	6.8	46.7
LI(1)¶	2.0	13.1	14.9	2.6	11.8	21.9	3.5	12.3	28.5	13.9	37.5	37.0	3.1	15.2	20.3	2.9	9.8	29.6	2.1	5.8	37.0	7.2	15.5	46.7
LI(2)¶	4.6	29.7	15.4	2.1	9.6	22.4	4.1	12.8	32.2	13.6	36.4	37.4	5.4	26.1	20.6	3.1	10.2	30.4	1.9	4.6	41.1	7.3	15.3	47.6
MI¶	1.0	7.0	14.8	1.8	8.2	21.7	0.7	2.4	28.0	0.3	0.7	37.1	0.9	4.3	20.4	0.9	3.0	29.6	1.8	5.0	37.1	3.2	6.9	46.9
MI(1)¶	2.3	15.2	14.9	1.8	8.3	22.0	1.4	5.0	28.7	16.0	43.1	37.0	3.5	17.0	20.3	3.0	9.9	29.7	2.1	5.6	37.1	7.3	15.5	47.0
MI(2)¶	4.7	30.3	15.3	2.4	10.5	22.4	4.4	13.5	32.2	14.1	37.5	37.5	5.5	26.6	20.6	3.2	10.7	30.3	2.1	5.1	41.3	7.2	15.1	47.7
bias, standardized bias, and standard error for CC (complete case): and .
¶bias, standardized bias, and standard error for all other methods: and .