Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of AML patients diagnosed at ages 0–24 years in 1995–2014 in the US and England.
| Variables | UK (N = 2194) | US (N = 4387) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Death n (%) |
Alive n (%) |
uHR (95% CI) |
p | Death (%) |
Alive (%) |
uHR (95% CI) |
p | |
| Within-country | 901 (41.1) |
1293 (58.9) |
1827 (41.6) |
367 (58.4) |
||||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 418 (40.5) |
613 (59.5) |
ref | – | 831 (40.0) |
1247 (60.0) |
ref | – |
| Male | 483 (41.5) |
680 (58.5) |
1.03 (0.90, 1.17) |
0.671 | 996 (43.2) |
1310 (56.8) |
1.12 (1.02, 1.23) |
0.018 |
| Age at diagnosis, years | ||||||||
| 0 to 9 | 284 (34.6) |
537 (65.4) |
ref | – | 586 (37.5) |
977 (62.5) |
ref | – |
| 10 to 14 | 133 (39.2) |
206 (60.8) |
1.15 (0.94, 1.42) |
0.177 | 306 (40.3) |
453 (59.7) |
1.07 (0.93, 1.23) |
0.355 |
| 15 to 24 | 484 (46.8) |
550 (53.2) |
1.47 (1.27, 1.7) |
<0.0001 | 935 (45.3) |
1129 (54.7) |
1.34 (1.21, 1.48) |
<0.0001 |
| Tumor Count | ||||||||
| 1 | 816 (39.8) |
1234 (60.2) |
ref | – | 1663 (40.2) |
2474 (59.8) |
ref | – |
| ≥2 | 85 (58.6) |
59 (41.4) |
1.7 (1.36, 2.13) |
<0.0001 | 164 (66.4) |
83 (33.6) |
2.55 (2.17, 3.00) |
<0.0001 |
| AML subtype | ||||||||
| APL | 36 (17.4) |
171 (82.6) |
ref | – | 128 (20.1) |
509 (79.9) |
ref | – |
| AEL | 11 (31.4) |
24 (68.6) |
1.80 (0.92, 3.54) |
0.088 | 25 (48.1) |
27 (51.9) |
2.80 (1.82, 3.03) |
<0.0001 |
| AML, NOS | 674 (45.9) |
796 (54.1) |
3.03 (2.17, 4.24) |
<0.0001 | 937 (47.1) |
998 (51.6) |
2.72 (2.26, 3.27) |
<0.0001 |
| AMML | 76 (44.7) |
94 (55.3) |
2.81 (1.89, 4.18) |
<0.0001 | 186 (48.5) |
223 (54.5) |
2.51 (2.01, 3.15) |
<0.0001 |
| AML inv(16) | 6 (33.3) |
12 (66.7) |
2.47 (1.04, 5.87) |
0.041 | 16 (15.5) |
87 (84.5) |
0.80 (0.48, 1.35) |
0.407 |
| AML, minimal differentiation | 9 (37.5) |
15 (62.5) |
2.18 (1.05, 4.54) |
0.036 | 85 (60.7) |
55 (39.3) |
3.48 (2.64, 4.58) |
<0.0001 |
| AML without maturation | 12 (26.7) |
33 (73.3) |
1.37 (0.71, 2.63) |
0.349 | 88 (47.3) |
98 (52.7) |
2.48 (1.89, 3.25) |
<0.0001 |
| AML with maturation | 21 (23.1) |
70 (76.9) |
1.09 (0.64, 1.87) |
0.749 | 104 (40.6) |
152 (59.4) |
2.08 (1.61, 2.70) |
<0.0001 |
| AMKL | 42 (39.6) |
64 (60.4) |
2.43 (1.55, 3.79) |
<0.0001 | 103 (41.0) |
148 (59.0) |
2.31 (1.78, 2.99) |
<0.0001 |
| Other | 14 (50.0) |
14 (50.0) |
4.29 (2.31, 7.97) |
<0.0001 | 155 (37.1) |
263 (62.9) |
2.40 (1.89, 3.03) |
<0.0001 |
| Year of diagnosis | ||||||||
| 1995 – 1999 | 255 (50.8) |
247 (49.2) |
ref | – | 290 (54.9) |
238 (45.1) |
ref | – |
| 2000 – 2004 | 239 (44.6) |
297 (55.4) |
0.86 (0.72, 1.03) |
0.105 | 539 (48.9) |
563 (51.1) |
0.86 (0.75, 0.99) |
0.039 |
| 2005 – 2009 | 215 (39.1) |
335 (60.9) |
0.77 (0.64, 0.92) |
0.005 | 463 (39.9) |
697 (60.1) |
0.69 (0.59, 0.79) |
<0.0001 |
| 2010 – 2014 | 192 (31.7) |
414 (68.3) |
0.69 (0.57, 0.84) |
0.0002 | 535 (33.5) |
1062 (66.5) |
0.75 (0.65, 0.86) |
<0.0001 |
| IMD2010 | ||||||||
| 1 - least deprived | 156 (40.4) |
230 (59.6) |
ref | – | 345 (39.4) |
530 (60.6) |
ref | – |
| 2 | 133 (33.8) |
260 (66.2) |
0.79 (0.63, 1.00) |
0.05 | 348 (41.0) |
502 (59.1) |
1.06 (0.91, 1.23) |
0.465 |
| 3 | 168 (42.2) |
230 (57.8) |
1.08 (0.86, 1.34) |
0.512 | 374 (41.0) |
542 (59.2) |
1.10 (0.95, 1.28) |
0. 186 |
| 4 | 196 (43.0) |
260 (57.0) |
1.11 (0.90, 1.36) |
0.351 | 417 (43.0) |
553 (57.1) |
1.16 (1.01, 1.34) |
0. 038 |
| 5 - most deprived | 248 (44.3) |
312 (55.7) |
1.13 (0.93, 1.39) |
0.22 | 343 (44.3) |
432 (55.7) |
1.30 (1.12, 1.51) |
0.0007 |