Verification of UV- and LiCl-induced DV axis perturbation. (A,B) WMISH of dorsal (chordin and goosecoid), ventral (wnt8a) and mesoderm markers (not and mesogenin1 [msgn1]) under indicated conditions at mid-gastrula stage. (C) RT-qPCR of several mesodermal markers under indicated conditions in mid-gastrula embryos. Error bars, SEM of biological triplicates. Student's two-tailed t-test: *, p < 0.1; **, p < 0.05; and ***, p < 0.01.