Table 5.
Bivariate ORs Independent Variables on Treatment Allocation (N = 541).
| Cognitive skill training versus standard program |
Lifestyle training versus standard program |
Cognitive skill training and lifestyle training versus standard program |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | CI | p | OR | CI | p | OR | CI | p | |
| Control variables | |||||||||
| Age (in years) | 0.94 | [0.92, 0.97] | .000* | 1.00 | [0.97, 1.02] | .748 | 0.98 | [0.96, 1.00] | .060* |
| Ethnicity (native) | 2.30 | [1.50, 3.54] | .000* | 1.05 | [0.59, 1.85] | .872 | 0.84 | [0.50, 1.41] | .502 |
| Offense type (nonviolent offense) | 0.87 | [0.56, 1.35] | .535 | 0.89 | [0.50, 1.59] | .697 | 0.82 | [0.49, 1.38] | .452 |
| Risk factors | |||||||||
| Offending history and current offense | 1.01 | [0.99, 1.03] | .319 | 1.02 | [1.00, 1.05] | .033* | 1.02 | [1.01, 1.04] | .015* |
| Accommodation | 0.94 | [0.89, 1.00] | .038* | 1.02 | [0.95, 1.09] | .561 | 1.05 | [0.99, 1.11] | .125* |
| Education, work, and training | 1.00 | [0.97, 1.04] | .805 | 1.01 | [0.97, 1.06] | .608 | 1.04 | [1.01, 1.09] | .032* |
| Financial management and income | 1.03 | [0.97, 1.09] | .302 | 1.11 | [1.03, 1.20] | .006* | 1.14 | [1.07, 1.22] | .000* |
| Relationships with partner and relatives | 0.89 | [0.78, 1.01] | .074* | 1.09 | [0.93, 1.28] | .309 | 1.02 | [0.88, 1.18] | .798 |
| Relationships with friends and acquaintances | 1.06 | [1.01, 1.11] | .030* | 1.02 | [0.95, 1.09] | .578 | 1.13 | [1.06, 1.20] | .000* |
| Drug misuse | 0.95 | [0.91, 1.00] | .032* | 1.14 | [1.07, 1.21] | .000* | 1.13 | [1.07, 1.19] | .000* |
| Alcohol misuse | 0.86 | [0.76, 0.98] | .023* | 1.19 | [1.03, 1.38] | .019* | 1.23 | [1.08, 1.41] | .002* |
| Emotional well-being | 0.79 | [0.68, 0.91] | .001* | 1.02 | [0.86, 1.20] | .851 | 0.97 | [0.84, 1.13] | .706 |
| Thinking and behavior | 1.12 | [1.04, 1.21] | .003* | 1.13 | [1.02, 1.24] | .020* | 1.22 | [1.10, 1.34] | .000* |
| Attitudes and orientation | 0.99 | [0.95, 1.04] | .803 | 1.04 | [0.98, 1.11] | .167 | 1.06 | [1.00, 1.11] | .053* |
| Organizational circumstances | |||||||||
| Remaining prison sentence (in days) | 1.00 | [1.00, 1.00] | .245 | 1.00 | [1.00, 1.00] | .006* | 1.00 | [1.00, 1.00] | .985 |
| Prison crowding rate | 0.56 | [0.07, 4.31] | .578 | 1.31 | [0.07, 23.29] | .855 | 26.24 | [0.90, 767.06] | .058* |
| Rehabilitation staff/detainee ratio | 1.00 | [0.99, 1.00] | .194 | 1.00 | [0.99, 1.00] | .187 | 1.00 | [1.00, 1.00] | .423 |
| Cognitive skill training available (no) | 1.49 | [0.85, 2.64] | .167 | 1.35 | [0.65, 2.83] | .423 | 1.29 | [0.68, 2.46] | .442 |
| Lifestyle training available (no) | 1.22 | [0.72, 2.05] | .458 | 1.37 | [0.67, 2.79] | .385 | 1.35 | [0.72, 2.52] | .352 |
Note. If p < .15, the variable will be included in the multivariate model (*). OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.