Figure 2.
Stimulation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors induces nuclear accumulation of endogenous HDAC4. A, representative images of cultured hippocampal neurons immunostained for endogenous HDAC4 either left untreated (vehicle) or treated with NMDA (20 μm), TBOA (50 μm), and/or MK801 (10 μm) as indicated, for 1 h. Scale bar is 40 μm. B, quantitative measurements of the relative fluorescent intensity of the HDAC4 signal in the nucleus normalized to the respective untreated control. Vehicle versus NMDA, p = 1 × 10−4; vehicle versus NMDA + MK801, p = 0.12; vehicle versus TBOA, p = 1 × 10−4; vehicle versus TBOA + MK801, p = 0.79; vehicle versus MK801, p = 5.1 × 10−3; NMDA versus NMDA + MK801, p = 8.8 × 10−3; TBOA versus TBOA + MK801, p = 1 × 10−4. For each condition, 3 independent experiments were analyzed. Statistically significant differences were determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. ***, p < 0.001; **, p < 0.01; bars represent mean ± S.D.