TABLE 5.

PK/PD indices for avibactam acting in combination with β-lactams under conditions of dynamic rising and falling concentration-time curves

β-Lactamase inhibitor	β-Lactam	Model	Period (days)	Derived PK/PD index	Reference
Avibactam	Ceftazidime	Hollow fiber; entericsa	1	CT ≥0.5 mg/liter maintained β-lactamase-null phenotype	43
Avibactam	Ceftazidime	Neutropenic mouse thigh; P. aeruginosa	1	fT>CT 1 mg/liter	44
Avibactam	Ceftazidime	Neutropenic mouse lung; P. aeruginosa	1	fT>CT 1 mg/liter	44
Avibactam	Aztreonam	Hollow fiber; enterics	1	fT>CT 2–2.5 mg/liter	49
Avibactam	Aztreonam	Neutropenic mouse thigh; enterics	1	fT>CT 2–2.5 mg/liter	49
Avibactam	Ceftaroline	Hollow fiber; enterics	10–13	fT>CT	50
Avibactam	Ceftazidime	Constant-volume fermenter; enterics	1	fAUC	51
Avibactam	Ceftaroline	Constant-volume fermenter; enterics	1	fAUC	51

^aEnterics, Enterobacteriaceae.