Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of sample (n=126)

	Clinical Sample (n=89)		Non-clinical Sample (n=37)		Group difference
Sex					χ²(1)=0.38, p=0.85
Male	44 (49%)		19 (51%)
Female	45 (51%)		18 (49%)
Race					χ²(3)=8.53, p=0.04
African American	70 (78%)		26 (70%)
Asian	0		3 (8%)
Caucasian	13 (15%)		7 (19%)
Hispanic	6 (7%)		1 (3%)
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Age	47.12	10.76	44.43	14.06	t₁₂₄ = −1.16, p = 0.25
IQ	91.42	11.05	95.88	14.27	t₁₀₈ = 1.76, p = 0.08
Age at onset of illness	20.23	7.30	–	–
Duration of untreated psychosis	5.27	8.23	–	–
Duration of illness	26.74	13.12	–	–
Varieties of Inner Speech Questionnaire
Dialogic	18.31	5.68	14.73	6.35	t₁₂₄ = 3.12, p=0.002, Cohen’s d = 0.75
Condensed	16.45	5.41	15.73	6.02	t₁₂₄ = 0.66, p=0.51, Cohen’s d = 0.13
Other People	17.94	8.48	9.19	6.44	t₁₂₄ = 5.63, p<0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.42
Evaluative/Motivational	19.30	5.43	16.22	6.14	t₁₂₄ = 2.80, p=0.006, Cohen’s d = 0.55

Note. SD = Standard deviation. Age, age at onset, duration of untreated psychosis and duration of illness are all given in years.