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. 2018 May 22;9:496. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00496

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

AS-IV reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS), MMP protein, and proinflammatory cytokines expression in Bap-induced Raw264.7 cells. (A) Typical images of ROS expression in raw264.7 cells after exposed to 20 μM Bap for 3, 6, 12, and 24 h, respectively. (B) Typical images of ROS expression in raw264.7 cells. The cells were preincubated with 2, 10, or 50 μg/ml AS-IV for 2 h, thereafter incubated with 20 μM Bap for 24 h. The intracellular accumulation of ROS was measured by FACS flow cytometry. Data are representative of three independent experiments with determinations. ∗P < 0.05 compared with control; #P < 0.05 vs. Bap group. (C) Representative Western blot analysis of C–C motif chemokine (CCL)-1, interleukin (IL)-8, and TNF-α in control, DMSO, Bap, and three doses of AS-IV treatment cells. (D) Representative Western blot analysis of MMP-9 and MMP-12 in six groups. (E–I) Quantitative analysis of CCL1, IL-8, TNF-α, MMP-9, and MMP-12 expression in six groups of cells. n = 6/group. ∗P < 0.05 compared with control; #P < 0.05 vs. Bap group.