TABLE 4.
Effects of a sleep extension intervention on anthropometric measures, energy expenditure, and physical activity intensity in the sleep extension group compared with the control group1
| Control group (n = 21) | Sleep extension group (n = 21) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change from baseline | Baseline | Change from baseline | Mean difference | |
| Anthropometric measures | |||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.3 (21.1, 23.5) | −0.004 (−0.2, 0.2) | 22.6 (21.4, 23.9) | 0.1 (−0.04, 0.3) | 0.1 (−0.1, 0.4) |
| Body weight, kg | 64.1 (59.3, 69.0) | 0.004 (−0.5, 0.5) | 62.8 (57.5, 68.1) | 0.3 (−0.1, 0.8) | 0.3 (−0.4, 1.1) |
| Fat-free mass, kg | 48.3 (43.8, 52.4) | 0.05 (−0.7, 0.8) | 46.9 (42.8, 51.0) | 0.2 (−0.5, 0.9) | 0.2 (−0.9, 1.3) |
| BF, % | 24.1 (20.3, 28.0) | −0.1 (−1.1, 0.8) | 24.8 (22.1, 27.5) | 0.03 (−0.9, 0.9) | 0.2 (−1.2, 1.6) |
| WC,2 cm | 77.4 (73.6, 81.3) | −0.2 (−1.7, 1.3) | 77.4 (73.6, 81.3) | −0.2 (−1.7, 1.3) | 0.1 (−2.2, 2.3) |
| Energy expenditure | |||||
| RMR,2 kcal | 1300 (1189, 1421) | 5 (−48, 58) | 1240 (1151, 1335) | 28 (−25, 80) | 23 (−58, 104) |
| AEE,2 kcal | 707 (572, 875) | −27 (−155, 102) | 664 (650, 816) | 2 (−127, 131) | 28 (−170, 227) |
| TEE,3 kcal | 2457 (2057, 3679) | −5 (−151, 140) | 2167 (1986, 2945) | 7 (−138, 153) | 12 (−212, 236) |
| PAL,2 TEE:RMR | 1.7 (1.6, 1.8) | 0.004 (−0.1, 0.1) | 1.7 (1.6, 1.8) | −0.01 (−0.1, 0.1) | −0.01 (−0.1, 0.1) |
| Physical activity intensity, % of active time | |||||
| Vigorous2 | 0.3 (0.1, 0.8) | 0.9 (−0.4, 2.0) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.6) | 0.5 (−0.7, 1.7) | −0.3 (−2.1, 1.5) |
| Moderate2 | 5.9 (4.3, 8.2) | 2.2 (−0.4, 4.9) | 4.1 (3.0, 5.6) | 3.0 (0.3, 5.7) | 0.8 (−3.4, 4.9) |
| Low | 61.7 (58.8, 64.7) | −0.3 (−2.1, 2.7) | 60.4 (57.5, 63.4) | 0.2 (−2.3, 2.6) | −0.2 (−3.9, 3.5) |
| Sedentary | 29.1 (26.1, 32.1) | −3.8 (−6.9, −0.7) | 33.0 (29.4, 37.0) | −3.3 (−6.3, −0.2) | 0.5 (−4.3, 5.3) |
Values are means (95% CIs). There were no significant differences between groups at baseline. Differences in the change from baseline between groups were tested by ANCOVA, with baseline measurements and change in time in bed as covariates. There were no significant differences between groups (P values not shown). AEE, activity energy expenditure; BF, body fat; PAL, physical activity level; RMR, resting metabolic rate; TEE, total energy expenditure; WC, waist circumference.
Baseline values are geometric means. Data were log-transformed.
Baseline data were nonparametric. Values presented at baseline are unadjusted medians (upper, lower quartiles).