Table 1.

Summary of Instruments to Assess Outcomes

Outcome and Variable	Instrument	Completed by		Measurement Time Point
		Patient	Surrogate
Preparedness
Dyad congruence	Goals-of-care document (2 end-of-life scenarios)	✔	✔	Baseline and 2, 6, and 12 mo
Patient decisional conflict	Decisional Conflict Scale (range, 1–5)	✔		Baseline and 2, 6, and 12 mo
Surrogate decision-making confidence	Decision Making Confidence scale (range, 0–4)		✔	Baseline and 2, 6, and 12 mo
Bereavement
Anxiety symptoms	HADS–anxiety subscale (range, 0–21)		✔	Baseline and 2 wk postdeath and 3 and 6 mo postdeath
Depression symptoms	HADS–depression subscale (range, 0–21)		✔	Baseline and 2 wk postdeath and 3 and 6 mo postdeath
Posttraumatic distress symptoms	PTSS-10 (range, 10–70)		✔	Baseline and 2 wk postdeath and 3 and 6 mo postdeath

Abbreviations: HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; PTSS-10, Post-Traumatic Symptoms Scale-10.