Figure 1.

NPCs as hubs for the regulation of muscle genes. Left panel: Schematic illustration of NPC regulation of muscle gene expression in skeletal muscle. During myogenesis, the expression of Nup210 is induced, and this nucleoporin is added to NPCs. In differentiated muscle cells, Nup210 recruits the transcription factor Mef2C to regulate sarcomeric and muscle structural genes that are associated with nuclear pores. Right panel: Schematic illustration of NPC regulation of muscle gene expression in cardiac muscle. In resting cardiomyocytes, the histone deacetylase HDAC4 present at NPCs prevents the association of sarcomeric and calcium-handling genes with these structures. When hypertrophic growth is stimulated, HDAC4 is exported from the nucleus, allowing the association of these genes with NPCs and promoting their efficient transcription.