. 2018 May 24;13:1675–1682. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S161225

Table 7.

Score of CAT and CCQ by exacerbation frequencies

Variables	Exacerbation frequency in the last 12 months			P-value
Variables	AE=0, n=175	AE=1, n=104	AE≥2, n=93	P-value
CAT	12.69±5.11^#,^▲	15.61±4.76^*,^▲	20.33±5.57^*,^#	<0.001
CCQ total	1.70±0.60^#,^▲	2.02±0.47^*,^▲	2.64±0.81^*,^#	<0.001
CCQ symptom	1.84±0.68^#,^▲	2.13±0.64^*,^▲	2.78±0.92^*,^#	<0.001
CCQ function	1.60±0.69^#,^▲	1.91±0.60^*,^▲	2.52±0.94^*,^#	<0.001
CCQ mental	1.41±1.09^#,^▲	1.96±0.90^*,^▲	2.38±1.31^*,^#	<0.001
FEV₁% predicted	53.84±19.32^#,^▲	45.37±18.22^*	42.25±16.30^*	<0.001

Notes:

P<0.05 vs AE=0;

P<0.05 vs AE=1;

^▲

P<0.05 vs AE≥2.

Abbreviations: CAT, COPD Assessment Test; CCQ, clinical COPD questionnaire; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second.