Table 2.

Differences in depression, anxiety, and pain in emerging adulthood among participants who experienced various types of bullying victimization in childhood^a

Types of bullying victimization	Depression on the MC-CES-D, mean (SD)	Anxiety on the STAI-S, mean (SD)	Physical pain on the TQOLA, mean (SD)
Victims of both traditional and cyber bullying (BV) (n=109, 21.8%)	21.1 (10.5)	24.2 (12.4)	4.4 (2.2)
Victims of only traditional or cyber bullying (OV) (n=173, 34.6%)	19.2 (10.9)	20.7 (11.8)	4.2 (2.3)
Nonvictims (NV) (n=218, 43.6%)	14.3 (8.7)	18.2 (10.5)	3.3 (2.1)
F	21.026	10.132	11.532
p-value	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Post hoc	BV, OV>NV	BV>OV>NV	BV, OV>NV

Note:

^aAnalysis of variance.

Abbreviations: MC-CES-D, Mandarin Chinese version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale; STAI-S, State subscale on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y; TQOLA, Taiwanese Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adolescents.