Histopathologic appearance of oral cavity tissue after single-fraction or fractionated head and neck irradiation of Fancg−/− mice and amelioration of radiation damage by JP4-039/F15 treatment. Groups of mice (Fancg−/−, Fancg+/− and Fancg+/+; n = 5 per group) were head and neck irradiated with a single 30 Gy fraction (panels A and C) or four successive days of 10 Gy (panels B and D) and all evaluated at 5 days after the final radiation fraction. Panels A and B: H&E staining (×100) for single-fraction and fractionated irradiation groups, respectively. Black ← arrows indicate normal epithelium; red arrows indicate damaged/ ulcerated epithelium. Panels C and D: Damage quantitation after single-fraction and fractionated irradiation, respectively. In panel C, for Fancg+/+, Fancg+/− and Fancg−/− values, respectively, when JP4-039 is compared to 30 Gy, *P = 0.1859, *P = 0.0230 and *P = 0.0312; when JP4-039 is compared to 30 Gy + F15, #P < 0.2571, #P < 0.5987 and #P < 0.008; and when JP4-039 is compared to 30 Gy + 4-amino-Tempo/F15, ^P < 0.7889, ^P < 0.3051 and ^P < 0.0132. For Fancg+/+, Fancg+/− and Fancg−/− values in panel D, P < 0.0001 when JP4-039 is compared to *30 Gy, #30 Gy + F15 or ^30 Gy + 4-amino-Tempo/F15.