Figure 4.
Osteogenic differentiation of hMSC on engineered surfaces after 28 days of culture: (a) Fluorescence images of hMSC with osteogenic markers osteocalcin (OCN, top), and osteopontin (OPN, bottom) on Ti-functionalized substrate (Ti/PEA/FN/BMP-7) and three control surfaces; OCN and OPN are stained in green, cytoskeleton is in red and DAPI in blue. Scale bar represents 100 μm. (b) Quantification of OCN and OPN staining showing a significant increase in both markers on Ti/PEA samples functionalized with FN and BMP-7 (dark green bars); ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001 (one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test was done).