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. 2018 May 29;8:8302. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26535-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Oxygen flux rates for net photosynthesis (A), respiration (B), and the ratio of gross photosynthesis to respiration (C) for C. orientalis between 23 and 32 °C. Control cores (grey open circles and lines) were all measured at 23 °C, while heated cores (black circles and lines) were sampled at the temperature indicated in the legend. *30 indicates samples that were exposed to 32 °C and then returned to 30 °C for four weeks following bleaching. Points represent means and error bars indicate one standard error. Asterisks indicate temperature increments where sponges in control and heated treatments had significantly different responses.