Table 3.
Coalescent ages based on Bayesian estimation with 95% highest posterior density (HPD) interval and using the 1794 Thai/Lao mtDNA sequences
| Haplogroup | Sample size | Age | Lower HPD | Upper HPD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 29 | 26,727.62 | 19,134.96 | 34,370.35 |
| A17 | 18 | 14,718.80 | 9621.01 | 20,111.49 |
| B4 | 111 | 38,117.19 | 30,932.00 | 45,747.00 |
| B4a | 24 | 18,917.86 | 12,195.35 | 26,000.54 |
| B4a1c | 19 | 14,040.58 | 8999.92 | 19,528.39 |
| B4a1c4 | 17 | 9528.46 | 5673.92 | 13,668.78 |
| B4b | 28 | 24,710.85 | 16,441.00 | 33,801.00 |
| B4b1a2a | 24 | 15,321.55 | 9733.91 | 20,731.42 |
| B4c | 31 | 30,431.00 | 21,942.00 | 39,431.00 |
| B4c2 | 18 | 12,761.47 | 7702.42 | 18,226.73 |
| B4c1b | 12 | 19,240.12 | 13,310.49 | 25,478.94 |
| B4c1b2a | 8 | 6138.65 | 2610.16 | 10,246.61 |
| B4e | 7 | 18,858.29 | 11,944.27 | 26,176.60 |
| B4g | 16 | 20,907.02 | 14,668.34 | 27,536.96 |
| B4g1a | 9 | 14,489.99 | 8675.18 | 20,344.45 |
| B5 | 201 | 36,842.00 | 25,885.72 | 48,319.25 |
| B5a | 199 | 23,148.45 | 16,360.26 | 30,563.55 |
| B5a1a | 84 | 10,528.38 | 7009.64 | 14,495.93 |
| B5a1b1 | 36 | 13,822.52 | 8588.07 | 20,104.00 |
| B5a1d | 56 | 11,062.58 | 6131.41 | 16,415.04 |
| B6 | 63 | 26,393.00 | 17,899.18 | 35,489.50 |
| B6a | 62 | 26,070.00 | 17,489.66 | 37,976.56 |
| B6a1 | 30 | 14,238.58 | 9056.86 | 20,278.34 |
| B6a1a | 25 | 7767.77 | 4262.58 | 11,673.23 |
| C | 68 | 25,440.22 | 17,812.10 | 33,715.36 |
| C4 | 5 | 15,623.14 | 9466.73 | 22,086.5 |
| C7 | 63 | 17,656.94 | 12,358.50 | 23,271.62 |
| C7a | 54 | 13,603.14 | 9194.84 | 18,382.15 |
| C7a1 | 23 | 10,367.90 | 6654.91 | 14,597.69 |
| C7a2 | 12 | 10,386.35 | 6153.21 | 14,742.98 |
| D | 74 | 36,798.49 | 27,898.26 | 46,589.35 |
| D4 | 64 | 25,798.50 | 20,509.37 | 31,783.61 |
| D4a | 9 | 9859.99 | 5376.12 | 14,845.92 |
| D4e | 12 | 17,624.07 | 11,995.21 | 23,539.76 |
| D4e1a | 9 | 9745.70 | 4560.27 | 12,559.22 |
| D4g2a1 | 9 | 10,492.59 | 6241.66 | 15,288.36 |
| D4h | 5 | 16,952.97 | 10,817.29 | 23,104.15 |
| D4j | 17 | 18,371.55 | 12,999.08 | 24,001.54 |
| D4j1 | 13 | 15,823.95 | 10,608.52 | 21,007.27 |
| D4j1a1 | 9 | 6358.27 | 2908.62 | 9832.51 |
| D5 | 10 | 25,766.14 | 18,288.75 | 33,469.45 |
| D5b | 9 | 16,030.28 | 10,117.31 | 21,638.32 |
| F1 | 348 | 32,264.31 | 24,186.28 | 41,022.47 |
| F1a | 233 | 17,597.91 | 12,944.06 | 23,163.01 |
| F1a1a | 173 | 12,638.86 | 8885.19 | 17,132.37 |
| F1a1a1 | 85 | 10,369.11 | 7590.21 | 11,810.60 |
| F1a1a (xF1a1a1) | 88 | 11,109.26 | 7478.32 | 12,625.46 |
| F1a1d | 18 | 6483.33 | 2907.29 | 10,528.77 |
| F1a2 | 9 | 2567.61 | 1266.12 | 4004.97 |
| F1a3 | 17 | 10843.88 | 5123.02 | 17179.15 |
| F1c | 6 | 11,469.20 | 5757.86 | 17,714.81 |
| F1e | 7 | 19,513.31 | 13,131.04 | 26,560.48 |
| F1f | 84 | 10,980.60 | 7235.09 | 15,626.73 |
| F1g | 7 | 7927.03 | 3268.77 | 13,610.44 |
| F2 | 21 | 23,935.18 | 17,170.83 | 31,353.49 |
| F2b1 | 10 | 12,369.01 | 7203.14 | 17,946.33 |
| F3 | 24 | 34,837.55 | 25,447.52 | 44,537.38 |
| F3a | 21 | 28,288.93 | 19,595.19 | 36,229.15 |
| F3a1 | 20 | 19,112.58 | 12,812.29 | 25,873.93 |
| F4a2 | 8 | 15,044.48 | 7932.17 | 23,167.29 |
| G | 29 | 29,188.81 | 21,216.46 | 37,267.34 |
| G2 | 27 | 23,548.73 | 17,390.75 | 30,030.55 |
| G2a | 13 | 14,109.08 | 9224.14 | 19,142.22 |
| G2a1d2 | 5 | 5799.32 | 2348.73 | 9274.34 |
| G2a1 | 13 | 14,109.08 | 9224.14 | 19,142.22 |
| G2b1a | 11 | 11,690.98 | 6270.33 | 17,467.79 |
| M* | 19 | 54,274.26 | 43,577.11 | 66,359.72 |
| M5 | 10 | 36,678.71 | 27,214.35 | 46,072.13 |
| M7 | 212 | 41,391.12 | 31,837.71 | 50,939.56 |
| M7b | 171 | 35,034.44 | 26,840.83 | 43,472.38 |
| M7b1a1 | 167 | 15,990.67 | 12,303.53 | 19,874.86 |
| M7b1a1(xothers) | 19 | 13,558.17 | 8123.79 | 19,884.27 |
| M7b1a1(16192T) | 24 | 12,637.55 | 7673.19 | 17,631.73 |
| M7b1a1a3 | 38 | 12,584.53 | 7703.90 | 18,117.30 |
| M7b1a1b | 25 | 10,445.84 | 5258.37 | 16,254.46 |
| M7b1a1f | 18 | 13,245.80 | 7530.63 | 19,433.30 |
| M7b1a1e | 23 | 7791.66 | 3724.14 | 12,403.34 |
| M7b1a1d1 | 5 | 2972.49 | 446.41 | 6159.96 |
| M7c | 40 | 30,732.28 | 22,122.71 | 39,141.31 |
| M7c1 | 30 | 21,566.96 | 14,859.8 | 28,153.25 |
| M7c1a | 16 | 17,464.84 | 10,886.82 | 22,890.26 |
| M7c1c | 10 | 10,618.92 | 5486.60 | 16,461.94 |
| M7c2 | 10 | 8857.81 | 5156.31 | 13,208.00 |
| M8a2a1 | 12 | 12,289.16 | 6303.89 | 19,070.80 |
| M9 | 13 | 25,048.34 | 16,817.63 | 33,645.48 |
| M12-G | 77 | 49,208.31 | 38,581.81 | 60,249.67 |
| M12 | 48 | 34,273.83 | 27,438.97 | 41,570.70 |
| M12a | 35 | 31,049.21 | 24,795.78 | 37,838.12 |
| M12a1a | 26 | 21,687.96 | 16,394.10 | 27,437.19 |
| M12a1b | 5 | 21,169.00 | 15,368.51 | 27,771.39 |
| M12b1b | 8 | 7482.85 | 3500.09 | 11,993.80 |
| M12b | 13 | 25,046.13 | 18,605.47 | 31,841.06 |
| M13 | 6 | 50,710.00 | 37,118.08 | 64,142.80 |
| M17 | 18 | 40,904.24 | 30,197.33 | 52,184.59 |
| M17a | 5 | 20,009.10 | 13,015.45 | 27,964.05 |
| M17c | 13 | 32,177.80 | 23,403.54 | 41,810.14 |
| M17c1a | 6 | 17,915.50 | 12,186.65 | 24,567.08 |
| M20 | 30 | 12,477.81 | 7287.09 | 17,537.99 |
| M21 | 20 | 42,734.21 | 33,264.99 | 53,871.33 |
| M21a | 7 | 3930.28 | 745.70 | 8746.90 |
| M21b | 13 | 34,539.86 | 27,357.67 | 42,665.79 |
| M24 | 23 | 19,997.93 | 12,330.76 | 28,223.99 |
| M24a | 13 | 9808.57 | 4590.87 | 15,938.40 |
| M24b | 10 | 10,410.36 | 5535.44 | 15,467.68 |
| M51 | 13 | 29,132.45 | 20,474.60 | 38,980.81 |
| M51a | 11 | 23,652.72 | 15,649.38 | 30,973.61 |
| M61 | 9 | 12,811.00 | 5846.11 | 20,533.93 |
| M71 | 31 | 31,226.61 | 23,598.07 | 39,142.13 |
| M71(151T) | 14 | 23,561.12 | 17,922.81 | 29,228.41 |
| M71a | 12 | 23,996.16 | 17,978.14 | 29,850.89 |
| M71a2 | 7 | 15,377.76 | 9811.96 | 21,043.64 |
| M72 | 10 | 15,399.31 | 8120.81 | 22,767.31 |
| M73 | 9 | 36,206.88 | 24,769.66 | 47,741.06 |
| M74 | 35 | 34,052.07 | 25,392.91 | 42,794.43 |
| M74a | 6 | 9157.03 | 3700.32 | 14,608.82 |
| M74b | 26 | 24,068.66 | 18,199.97 | 30,801.78 |
| M76 | 12 | 30,665.07 | 20,459.90 | 42,014.36 |
| M91 | 11 | 35,980.00 | 24,612.34 | 48,440.13 |
| M91a | 10 | 15,874.00 | 9310.13 | 23,117.39 |
| N8 | 8 | 5670.00 | 1800.20 | 10,274.52 |
| N9a | 40 | 23,307.91 | 16,466.89 | 31,217.48 |
| N9a6 | 9 | 12,157.84 | 7080.02 | 17,014.10 |
| N9a10 | 19 | 15,864.76 | 11,161.95 | 20,533.24 |
| N10 | 12 | 51,144.71 | 35,516.27 | 65,932.28 |
| N10a | 11 | 11,002.31 | 6044.77 | 16,435.19 |
| N21 | 15 | 11,924.14 | 7327.79 | 17,377.08 |
| R9 | 75 | 36,737.77 | 28,196.01 | 45,770.54 |
| R9b | 68 | 32,837.96 | 25,372.79 | 40,740.86 |
| R9b1 | 48 | 20,294.50 | 15,024.28 | 26,305.99 |
| R9b1a | 42 | 14,387.62 | 9257.45 | 20,045.40 |
| R9b1a1a | 12 | 7547.06 | 4217.30 | 11,157.00 |
| R9b1a3 | 26 | 9062.02 | 5398.62 | 13,213.44 |
| R9b2 | 18 | 8945.97 | 5003.56 | 13,337.12 |
| R9c1 | 7 | 22,854.33 | 15,036.92 | 30,754.85 |
| R22 | 26 | 39,111.69 | 30,325.41 | 49,812.23 |
| U | 8 | 52,604.10 | 41,647.27 | 63,469.01 |
| W | 8 | 13,994.04 | 7354.74 | 21,364.09 |