Table 2.

Serum hormonal levels and muscle properties during the menstrual, ovulatory, and luteal phases.

	Phase
	Menstrual	Ovulatory	Luteal
ROM (°)	25.8 ± 6.4	25.6 ± 5.1	28.1 ± 5.8
Estradiol (pg/ml)	33.1 ± 11.6	165.5 ± 72.7*	153.9 ± 46.2*
Progesterone (ng/ml)	0.90 ± 0.33	1.29 ± 1.12	12.40 ± 4.07*†
MG shear modulus (kPa)
Below slack	3.4 ± 1.4	3.2 ± 1.0	3.9 ± 1.3
At 0°	12.2 ± 3.5	13.4 ± 2.4	13.2 ± 4.9
At 13°	47.1 ± 28.2	47.4 ± 10.5	47.5 ± 11.3
At end-ROM	97.7 ± 28.4	107.4 ± 32.0	98.5 ± 31.7
MG slack angle (degree)	−21.1 ± 5.4	−22.6 ± 6.6	−20.9 ± 5.7

MG: medial gastrocnemius, ROM: range of motion.

*Significantly different from menstrual phase.

^†Significantly different from ovulatory phase.