Table 2.
Hemodynamic and Doppler measurements
| Baseline 1 | PLR1 | Baseline 2 | PLR2 | Baseline 3 | After fluid infusion | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart rate (beats/min) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 27) | 91 ± 19 | 92 ± 22 | 89 ± 17 | 93 ± 17 | 92 ± 15 | 93 ± 15 |
| PLR non-responders (n = 24) | 91 ± 18 | 91 ± 17 | 87 ± 14 | 92 ± 14 | 89 ± 19 | – |
| Systolic arterial pressure (mmHg) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 27) | 117 ± 26 | 129 ± 32* | 115 ± 25 | 130 ± 34# | 115 ± 32 | 129 ± 33$ |
| PLR non-responders (n = 24) | 125 ± 21 | 130 ± 24* | 122 ± 18 | 127 ± 20# | 125 ± 20 | – |
| Diastolic arterial pressure (mmHg) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 27) | 57 ± 13 | 62 ± 11* | 52 ± 16 | 62 ± 11# | 57 ± 14 | 63 ± 18$ |
| PLR non-responders (n = 24) | 61 ± 9 | 64 ± 11* | 60 ± 7 | 64 ± 9# | 61 ± 10 | – |
| Central venous pressure (mmHg) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 27) | 11 ± 4 | 14 ± 5* | 9 ± 4 | 15 ± 5# | 11 ± 4 | 12 ± 4$ |
| PLR non-responders (n = 24) | 10 ± 6 | 14 ± 6* | 10 ± 6 | 13 ± 7# | 10 ± 6 | – |
| Cardiac index (L/min/m2) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 27) | 3.11 ± 1.21 | 3.62 ± 1.29* | 2.98 ± 1.15 | 3.63 ± 1.27# | 2.91 ± 0.91 | 3.53 ± 1.16$ |
| PLR non-responders (n = 24) | 3.16 ± 1.07 | 3.23 ± 1.12 | 3.14 ± 1.10 | 3.23 ± 1.24# | 3.17 ± 1.13 | – |
| Carotid artery flow (TAMEAN) (mL/min) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 21) | 371 ± 138 | 407 ± 144 | – | – | 335 ± 118 | 390 ± 141$ |
| PLR non-responders (n = 17) | 293 ± 128 | 344 ± 159 | – | – | 321 ± 130 | – |
| Carotid artery flow (VTI) (mL/min) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 21) | 615 ± 194 | 674 ± 202 | – | – | 601 ± 214 | 690 ± 221$ |
| PLR non-responders (n = 17) | 593 ± 225 | 617 ± 218 | – | – | 577 ± 227 | – |
| Carotid PSV (cm/s) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 22) | 88 ± 23 | 82 ± 21 | – | – | 81 ± 22 | 88 ± 22 |
| PLR non-responders (n = 17) | 83 ± 30 | 77 ± 28 | – | – | 82 ± 23 | – |
| Cardiac index to common carotid artery (TAMEAN) (%) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 21) | 13 ± 5 | 12 ± 4 | – | – | 12 ± 3 | 13 ± 5 |
| PLR non-responders (n = 17) | 9 ± 2 | 10 ± 3 | – | – | 10 ± 3 | – |
| Femoral artery flow (VTI) (mL/min) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 3) | – | – | 408 ± 331 | 404 ± 319 | 433 ± 400 | 733 ± 800 |
| PLR non-responders (n = 11) | – | – | 368 ± 126 | 386 ± 127 | 382 ± 78 | – |
| PSV femoral (cm/s) | ||||||
| PLR responders (n = 17) | – | – | 84 ± 28 | 111 ± 45# | 77 ± 28 | 86 ± 31$ |
| PLR non-responders (n = 18) | – | – | 78 ± 17 | 89 ± 17 | 78 ± 20 | – |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. PLR responders: cases with increase in pulse contour analysis-derived cardiac index ≥ 10% during passive leg raising, PLR non-responders: cases with increase in pulse contour analysis-derived cardiac index < 10% during passive leg raising
TAMEAN time average mean velocity, PSV peak systolic velocity
* p < 0.05 versus Baseline 1; # p < 0.05 versus Baseline 2; $ p < 0.05 versus Baseline 3