TABLE 2.

Adjusted Health Center Patient Outcomes by Race/Ethnicity, 2009–2014

	N*	Adjusted performance in 2009 (95% CI)		Adjusted performance in 2014 (95% CI)		Mean adjusted annual change† from 2009–2014 (95% CI)
		%		%		Percentage points
Controlled hypertension
White	1043	64.4	(63.2–65.6)	64.4	(63.5–65.4)	0.1	(−0.2 to 0.3)
Black	1018	58.8	(56.6–61.1)	57.8	(56.4–59.1)	−0.2	(−0.6 to 0.2)
Hispanic	1023	65.7	(64.0–67.4)	66.8	(65.3–68.2)	−0.1	(−0.4 to 0.4)
Controlled diabetes
White	1040	74.2	(73.2–75.3)	69.5	(68.2–70.8)	−1.0	(−1.3 to −0.7)
Black	999	69.6	(68.2–71.1)	69.4	(67.6–71.2)	−0.2	(−0.6 to 0.2)
Hispanic	1015	68.6	(67.1–70.1)	68.4	(66.9–70.0)	−0.2	(−0.6 to 0.2)
Normal birthweight
White	908	90.8	(89.6–91.9)	91.0	(90.2–91.9)	0.0	(−0.2 to 0.3)
Black	762	87.0	(85.7–88.4)	88.8	(87.8–89.8)	0.3	(0.1 to 0.6)
Hispanic	812	91.2	(89.0–93.3)	92.1	(90.2–93.9)	0.0	(−0.3 to 0.4)

The adjusted performances reported in 2009 and 2014 represent the marginal, adjusted effects estimated from generalized estimating equations. The performance rates shown represent health center population-level estimates or weighted means. Performance rates are adjusted for confounding health center characteristics, including the percent of the health center patient population that was male, over age 65, uninsured, Medicaid insured, privately insured, under 100% of FPL, homeless, whose primary language is not English, health center size (total number of patients served), grant funding per patient, and whether the center was located in an urban versus non-urban area. For unadjusted rates, see Online Appendix eTable 5 and Fig. 1. ^*N indicates number of health centers. As shown, sample sizes vary by measure and race/ethnicity and in 2014, represent 694,685–1,194,903 patients with hypertension, 330,750–527,793 patients with diabetes, and 46,477–131,304 patients giving birth.^†The mean adjusted annual change represents the linear time trend from 2009 to 2014 or the “year” coefficient in our model