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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropharmacology. 2018 Mar 23;135:431–443. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.03.019

Figure 7. Cocaine increases IL6 and attenuates IL8 and IFNβ1 levels induced by HIV-1 and ZIKV in astrocytes.

Figure 7

NHA were pretreated with cocaine (0.1 μM) followed by HIV-1JR-CSF (p24 10 ng/mL) or ZIKV (0.125 MOI) in parallel to control. Following 24 hr treatments, supernatant were collected and IL6 (A), IL8 (B) and IFNβ1 (C) protein levels were assayed by ELISAs. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism V6.0 with two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc analysis for multiple comparisons. p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant and data represent means +/− SEM. Representative graphs are shown from a minimum of three independent astrocyte experiments each tested and analyzed in a minimum of triplicate technical determinations. (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001)