Fig. 2.

The effect of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals on monocyte mitochondrial function. Cells were pretreated with CaOx crystals (0, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 µg/ml) for 24 h prior to being seeded on Seahorse XF96 plates. Mitochondrial function was determined using the “Mito Stress Test” inhibitors: oligomycin (Oligo), FCCP, and antimycin A (AA). The effect of CaOx crystals on (A) mitochondrial OCR and (B) individual parameters in THP-1 cells. Results are means ± SEM; n = 5–6 replicates per group; n = 3–5 individual experiments. *p < 0.05 compared to untreated monocytes.