Table 4.

Performance of the five combined classifiers across five types of drug-induced cardiovascular complications.

Combined classifier	5-fold cross validation					External validation set
	SE	SP	Q	P	AUC	SE	SP	Q	P	AUC
Hypertension	0.750	0.728	0.739	0.734	0.800	0.669	0.710	0.690	0.698	0.756
Arrhythmia	0.712	0.723	0.717	0.720	0.784	0.648	0.761	0.704	0.730	0.734
Heart block	0.721	0.813	0.767	0.794	0.842	0.507	0.746	0.627	0.667	0.699
Myocardial infarction	0.690	0.765	0.727	0.746	0.790	0.596	0.708	0.652	0.671	0.742
Cardiac failure	0.686	0.737	0.711	0.722	0.785	0.537	0.707	0.622	0.647	0.693

Note: SE: sensitivity; SP: specificity; Q: overall predictive accuracy; P: precision; AUC: the area under receiver operating characteristic curves.