Table 3.
Adjusted odds ratios for risk factors of hysterectomy in women with postpartum haemorrhage
| Variable | Model 1a | Model 2b | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR (95% CI)c | P-value† | AOR (95% CI)c | P-value† | |
| Cause of haemorrhage | ||||
| Uterine atony | 1 | < 0.001 | 1 | < 0.001 |
| Surgical trauma/tears | 1.42 (1.16–1.73) | 1.21 (0.98–1.50) | ||
| Placenta praevia/accreta | 3.17 (2.66–3.79) | 2.25 (1.85–2.74) | ||
| Other/Unknown | 1.34 (1.03–1.74) | 0.97 (0.73–1.28) | ||
| Age (years) | ||||
| < 20 | 1 | < 0.001 | 1 | < 0.001 |
| 20–29 | 1.62 (0.90–2.93) | 1.47 (0.80–2.72) | ||
| 30–39 | 3.96 (2.20–7.14) | 3.33 (1.82–6.12) | ||
| ≥40 | 7.59 (4.03–14.29) | 5.89 (3.04–11.38) | ||
| Geographic region | ||||
| Africa | 1 | 0.01 | 1 | < 0.001 |
| Asia | 1.23 (0.91–1.66) | 2.16 (1.52–3.08) | ||
| Europe and Americas | 0.45 (0.23–0.89) | 0.69 (0.32–1.47) | ||
| Delivery in study hospital | ||||
| Yes | 1 | < 0.001 | 1 | 0.06 |
| No | 1.60 (1.25–2.07) | 0.77 (0.59–1.01) | ||
| Uterotonic prophylaxis given | ||||
| Yes | 1 | < 0.001 | 1 | < 0.001 |
| No | 2.68 (1.77–4.06) | 2.57 (1.62–4.09) | ||
| Type of delivery | ||||
| Vaginal | 1 | < 0.001 | 1 | < 0.001 |
| Caesarean | 4.26 (3.60–5.04) | 2.32 (1.92–2.80) | ||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||
| ≤70 | 2.26 (1.79–2.87) | < 0.001 | ||
| 71–90 | 1.68 (1.40–2.01) | |||
| > 90 | 1 | |||
| Estimated volume of blood loss (mL) | ||||
| ≤ 1000 | 1 | < 0.001 | ||
| 1001–1500 | 2.89 (2.19–3.83) | |||
| > 1500 | 12.88 (9.78–16.95) | |||
| Clinical signs of haemodynamic instability | ||||
| No | 1 | < 0.001 | ||
| Yes | 3.50 (2.74–4.47) | |||
aModel 1: cause of haemorrhage, age, geographic region, delivery in study hospital, uterotonic prophylaxis given and type of delivery
bModel 2: model 1 plus systolic blood pressure, estimated volume of blood loss and clinical signs of haemodynamic instability
cAOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval
†P-values obtained from likelihood ratio test