Table 1.
Characteristics of mothers with current male partners and known HIV status (n = 2522)a
| Characteristic | N (%), Mean (SD) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-infected (n = 420) | HIV-uninfected (n = 2102) | ||
| Maternal characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 28.4 (5.5) | 25.8 (5.5) | |
| Unmarried/not cohabiting | 11 (3%) | 64 (3%) | |
| Duration of relationship (years) | 6.8 (5.2) | 5.3 (4.7) | |
| Education | None | 32 (7.6%) | 141 (6.7%) |
| Primary | 243 (58%) | 988 (47%) | |
| Secondary | 111 (26%) | 669 (32%) | |
| > Secondary | 34 (8%) | 304 (14%) | |
| Employment | Salaried | 38 (9%) | 221 (11%) |
| Self employed | 138 (33%) | 564 (27%) | |
| Housewife | 173 (41%) | 956 (46%) | |
| Unemployed | 68 (16%) | 335 (16%) | |
| Income/month | KSH ≤ 5000 | 118 (48%) | 837 (62%) |
| KSH > 5000 | 128 (52%) | 507 (38%) | |
| IPV (from current male partner)b | 60 (14%) | 111 (5%) | |
| Current male partner characteristics | |||
| Partner age | 35.0 (7.7) | 31.2 (6.8) | |
| Partner education | None | 19 (5%) | 63 (3%) |
| Primary | 150 (39%) | 697 (34%) | |
| Secondary | 175 (45%) | 859 (42%) | |
| > Secondary | 44 (11%) | 405 (20%) | |
| Partner employment | Unemployed | 54 (13%) | 240 (12%) |
| Self employed | 199 (48%) | 943 (45%) | |
| Salaried | 162 (39%) | 900 (43%) | |
| Partner tested for HIV | 322 (77%) | 1471 (70%) | |
| Partner HIV statusc | HIV infected | 228 (71%) | 7 (1%) |
| HIV uninfected | 88 (27%) | 1433 (97%) | |
| Unknown | 6 (2%) | 31 (2%) | |
| Obstetric history | |||
| Number of living children | 2.9 (1.4) | 2.3 (1.5) | |
| Attended any ANCd | 414 (99%) | 2080 (99%) | |
| ≥4 ANC visitsd | 240 (59%) | 988 (49%) | |
| Partner did not attend ANCd | 270 (66%) | 1288 (62%) | |
| Health facility deliveryd | 352 (84%) | 1640 (78%) | |
| HIV status disclosure | |||
| Did not disclose HIV status to current male partner | 53 (13%) | 72 (3%) | |
SD standard deviation, IPV intimate partner violence, ANC antenatal care
aMissing data not shown, all models adjusted for clinic-level clustering
bIPV defined as having a score ≥ 10.5 on HITS scale
cAmong male partners who were tested for HIV
dDuring the most recent pregnancy