Table 1.

Prevalence and mean values of the 14-item Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP-14) scores before and after dental treatment (average 2.4 ± 1.7 months’ follow-up period) (n = 93)

	Before COHIP-14 score	After COHIP-14 score	Difference (after-before)
	Mean(SD)	Mean(SD)	Mean(SD)	Effect size a	p-value
COHIP-14	37.5(7.9)	45.2(7.7)	7.7(8.1)	1.0	<  0.001*
Oral Health subscale (OH)	26.0(5.4)	31.9(5.7)	5.8(6.0)	1.0	< 0.001*
Pain/tooth ache	2.7(1.0)	3.4(0.8)	0.7(1.2)	0.6
Breathing through mouth	2.0(1.1)	2.5(1.2)	0.5(1.2)	0.4
Discoloration of teeth	1.9(1.4)	3.4(1.1)	1.5(1.6)	0.9
Crooked teeth or spaces	2.5(1.5)	3.5(1.0)	1.0(1.6)	0.6
Sores or sore spots	3.4(0.8)	3.6(0.7)	0.2(0.8)	0.3
Bad breath	2.1(1.3)	2.8(1.2)	0.6(1.2)	0.5
Bleeding gums	3.2(1.0)	3.3(0.9)	0.1(0.9)	0.1
Food sticking	2.1(1.0)	2.5(1.1)	0.4(1.3)	0.3
Sensitivity to hot/cold	3.1(1.0)	3.6(0.7)	0.5(1.2)	0.4
Dry mouth	3.1(1.1)	3.3(0.9)	0.2(1.0)	0.2
Functional Limitations subscale (FL)	11.4(4.0)	13.3(3.0)	1.9(3.6)	0.5	< 0.001*
Trouble chewing firm foods	2.3(1.5)	2.9(1.4)	0.6(1.5)	0.4
Difficulty eating	2.8(1.3)	3.3(1.0)	0.6(1.3)	0.5
Trouble sleeping due to teeth/face	3.6(0.8)	3.9(0.4)	0.3(0.8)	0.4
Difficulty keeping teeth clean	2.8(1.4)	3.2(1.2)	0.4(1.4)	0.3

Wilcoxon signed-rank test

*Significant at α = 0.05 level

^aCalculated using Cohen’s d (= difference / SD)