Table 4.
Regions with decreased or increased FA resulting from groups’ contrasts of interest as an output of the full-factorial ANCOVA model. Only significant differences thresholded at p = .05, FDR corrected at the voxel level and a cluster extent of 100 voxels are reported.
| Regions | Left/right | Cluster extent | Z | Coordinates
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x | y | z | |||||
| A Decreased FA DYS+ versus NR− | |||||||
| Left hemisphere | |||||||
| Superior longitudinal fasciculus (parietal segment) | L | 192 | 4.66 | −48 | −50 | 32 | |
| Superior longitudinal fasciculus (parietal segment) | L | * | 4.29 | −48 | −38 | 22 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (dorsal segment) | L | 145 | 4.28 | −34 | 0 | 18 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (dorsal segment) | L | * | 3.46 | −44 | −4 | 18 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (dorsal segment) | L | * | 3.43 | −34 | −10 | 22 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (ventral segment) | L | 111 | 4.08 | −50 | −30 | −2 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (ventral segment) | L | * | 4.01 | −52 | −36 | 0 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (occipital–temporal segment) | L | 168 | 4.09 | −30 | −66 | 4 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (occipital segment) | L | * | 3.72 | −26 | −76 | 2 | |
| Optic radiation | L | * | 3.4 | −12 | −88 | 8 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | L | 262 | 3.96 | −16 | 24 | 0 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | L | * | 3.93 | −14 | 22 | −14 | |
| Corpus callosum (body) | L | 164 | 3.81 | −16 | 20 | 20 | |
| Corpus callosum (body) | L | * | 3.7 | −10 | 14 | 18 | |
| Corpus callosum (body) | L | * | 3.42 | −12 | 4 | 24 | |
| Corpus callosum (splenium) | L | 123 | 3.99 | −34 | −52 | 20 | |
| Corpus callosum (splenium) | L | * | 3.8 | −30 | −40 | 22 | |
| Inferior cerebellar pedunculus | L | 244 | 4.01 | −4 | −40 | −46 | |
| Right hemisphere | |||||||
| Superior longitudinal fasciculus (parietal segment) | R | 100 | 4.14 | 52 | −30 | 26 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | 225 | 4.04 | 12 | 10 | 20 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | * | 3.31 | 20 | 24 | 12 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | * | 3.86 | 20 | 20 | −14 | |
| Corpus callosum (body) | R | * | 3.74 | 14 | −4 | 24 | |
| B Decreased FA DYS− versus NR− | |||||||
| Left hemisphere | |||||||
| Superior longitudinal fasciculus (parietal segment) | L | 101 | 3.59 | −36 | −26 | 26 | |
| Superior longitudinal fasciculus (parietal segment) | L | * | 3.76 | −46 | −48 | 32 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (dorsal segment) | L | 102 | 3.65 | −18 | 24 | 4 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (dorsal segment) | L | * | 3.55 | −20 | 18 | 10 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (dorsal segment) | L | * | 3.52 | −28 | 6 | 2 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (dorsal segment) | L | * | 3.29 | −26 | 14 | 0 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (occipital segment) | L | 283 | 5.04 | −26 | −78 | 0 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (temporo-occipital segment) | L | * | 4.65 | −30 | −70 | 2 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (temporo-occipital segment) | L | * | 4.5 | −30 | −68 | 2 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (temporal segment) | L | * | 3.2 | −30 | −62 | 8 | |
| Corpus callosum (splenium) | L | 101 | 3.76 | −12 | −52 | 16 | |
| Corpus callosum (splenium) | L | * | 3.56 | −12 | −58 | 22 | |
| Corpus callosum (splenium) | L | * | 3.46 | −18 | −60 | 28 | |
| Cerebellar pedunculus medius | L | 141 | 4.05 | −8 | −50 | −32 | |
| Cerebellar pedunculus inferior | L | * | 3.87 | −6 | −40 | −46 | |
| Right hemisphere | |||||||
| Superior longitudinal fasciculus (parietal segment) | R | ||||||
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | 124 | 3.99 | 12 | 8 | 22 | |
| Corpus callosum (body) | R | * | 4.06 | 12 | 0 | 24 | |
| Cerebellar pedunculus mediusa | R | * | 3.85 | 8 | −40 | −50 | |
| C Decreased FA in DYS+ versus DYS− | |||||||
| Left hemisphere | |||||||
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (acoustic radiations) | L | 148 | 4.9 | −36 | −24 | 12 | |
| Right hemisphere | |||||||
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (anterior temporal portion) | R | 573 | 5.64 | 52 | −22 | −8 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (anterior temporal portion) | R | * | 4.67 | 50 | −14 | −14 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (anterior temporal portion) | R | * | 4.29 | 52 | −6 | −20 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | 877 | 4.86 | 6 | 40 | 6 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | * | 4.64 | 2 | 34 | 26 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | * | 4.12 | 4 | 36 | 14 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | 159 | 4.53 | 20 | 26 | 2 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | * | 3.66 | 10 | 16 | 0 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | * | 3.3 | 16 | 0 | 20 | |
| D Decreased FA in NR+ versus NR− | |||||||
| Left hemisphere | |||||||
| Corpus callosum (genu) | L | 190 | 6.2 | −18 | 18 | 8 | |
| Right hemisphere | |||||||
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | 156 | 3.81 | 14 | 22 | 12 | |
| Corpus callosum (body) | R | * | 4.19 | 12 | −4 | 22 | |
| E Increased FA in NR+ versus NR− | |||||||
| Left hemisphere | |||||||
| Arcuate fasciculus (dorsal segment) | L | 162 | 4.77 | −28 | 26 | 2 | |
| Inferior occipito-frontal fasciculus | L | * | 3.37 | −32 | 6 | −12 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (acoustic radiations) | L | 303 | 5.5 | −44 | −30 | 8 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (acoustic radiations) | L | * | 4.82 | −36 | −34 | 12 | |
| Right hemisphere | |||||||
| Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus | R | 506 | 5.46 | 44 | −78 | −12 | |
| Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus | R | * | 4.92 | 42 | −76 | −2 | |
| Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus | R | * | 3.92 | 34 | −80 | −20 | |
| Corpus callosum (body) | R | 455 | 3.7 | 6 | 24 | 18 | |
| Corpus callosum (splenium) | R | * | 4.45 | 6 | −20 | 32 | |
| Corpus callosum (splenium) | R | * | 3.82 | 8 | −32 | 22 | |
| F Common regions with decreased FA in both groups of subjects with dyslexia | |||||||
| Left hemisphere | |||||||
| Superior longitudinal fasciculus (parietal segment) | L | 13 | 3.72 | −46 | −48 | 32 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (dorsal segment) | L | 33 | 3.94 | −38 | 6 | 14 | |
| Arcuate fasciculus (ventral segment) | L | 23 | 3.89 | −50 | −48 | −12 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (occipital–temporal segment) | L | 96 | 4.59 | −30 | −66 | 4 | |
| Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (occipital segment) | L | * | 4.09 | −26 | −76 | 2 | |
| Corpus callosum (splenium) | L | * | 3.4 | −30 | −62 | 6 | |
| Right hemisphere | |||||||
| Superior longitudinal fasciculus (parietal segment) | R | 18 | 3.42 | 42 | −26 | 24 | |
| Corpus callosum (genu) | R | 68 | 3.9 | 12 | 6 | 22 | |
| Corpus callosum (body) | R | * | 3.54 | 12 | −4 | 24 | |
*
Multiple peaks within the cluster are shown in subsequent lines. The SPM conjunction map was thresholded at p < .001 uncorrected with a minimum cluster extent of 10 voxels.
a
This peak is part of the cluster with maxima at −8 −40 −50 located in the left hemisphere.