Table 4.

Time-varying covariation models for MA-MCI subsample: Change in cognition as a function of change in age (γ₁₀) and change in sensory function (γ₂₀).

Variables	Intercept γ00/γ02	Slope γ10/γ20	SE (slope)	p-value (slope)
Digit Symbol
Olfaction	41.73	-0.75	0.113	< .001
	0.19	0.384	0.378	n.s.
Distance vision	38.62	-0.728	0.112	< .001
	4.80	-2.109	3.397	n.s.
Audition	38.15	-0.753	0.127	< .001
	0.14*	0.019	0.071	n.s.
Word Recall
Olfaction	14.60	-0.272	0.057	< .001
	-0.02	0.356	0.189	< .05#
Distance vision	20.59	-0.273	0.056	< .001
	-6.69#	2.539	1.386	< .05#
Audition	14.38	-0.261	0.064	< .001
	-0.01	-0.040	0.037	n.s.
Vocabulary
Olfaction	42.23	-0.178	0.086	< .05
	-0.09	-0.052	0.290	n.s.
Distance vision	39.49	-0.201	0.089	< .05
	0.08	-0.866	2.666	n.s.
Audition	41.20	-0.043	0.099	n.s.
	-0.06	-0.133	0.055	< .05

γ₀₀ = Average cognitive function centered at baseline testing holding age and sensory function constant; γ₀₂ = a person-mean centered predictor for sensory function reflecting the pure between-person effect of individual differences in olfaction, vision, and audition; γ₁₀ = age slope (average rate of linear change per additional year of age, independent of change in sensory function); γ₂₀ = change in sensory function slope (person-mean centered to represent pure within-person variation about one’s own mean sensory function, independent of the linear trend for age); SE = standard error. All variance components for intercept were significantly different from 0. The level-2 age predictor (γ₀₁), centered at the grand mean (75.68 years; SD=7.23), was entered as a covariate for all models to adjust for between-person age heterogeneity upon entry into the study.

^#p < .05, one-tailed

^*p < .05

^**p<.01

^***p<.001