Table 1.

Design Principles Supporting Motivation in Summer Enrichment

Design Principle	Form of Motivation Supported	Enactment in Summer Program
(1) Real-world challenging task	Self-Efficacy Task value	Course content focused on pharmacology, emphasis on drugs to treat common diseases
(2) Provision of choice	Task value	Student-design inquiry lab experiments, problem-based learning activities, research proposals
(3) Active involvement	Task value	Lab experiments, small group activities, research proposals
(4) Support for belonging	Self-Efficacy Task value	Student housing, meals, group work, formal and informal interactions with students and instructors
(5) Effort-based evaluation	Self-Efficacy	No formal evaluation, emphasis on mastery experiences, formative feedback on research proposal