Table 2.
Comparison of Z-scores in cognitive function among the control group, NCI group and CI group.
| Cognitive function | Controls (19 cases) | NCI group (13 cases) | CI group (20 cases) | p1 value | p2 value | p3 value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Verbal memory
[scores, median (IQR)] |
1.081 (3.053) | −2.674 (4.781) | −3.901 (4.182) | 0.472 | 0.000* | 0.394 |
| Total score of AVLT | 0.502 (1.881) | −0.500 (2.125) | −1.000 (2.800) | 0.250 | 0.002* | 0.668 |
| AVLT-delayed recall | 0.001 (2.000) | −1.000 (2.500) | −1.000 (2.000) | 0.472 | 0.046 | 0.873 |
|
Visual delayed memory
[scores, median (IQR)] |
0.171 (1.502) | −0.750 (1.417) | −2.250 (1.625) | 0.892 | 0.000** | 0.000** |
| RCFT−delayed recall | 0.171 (1.502) | −0.750 (1.417) | −2.250 (1.625) | 0.892 | 0.000** | 0.000** |
|
Visuospatial ability
[scores, median (IQR)] |
0.500 (0.500) | −1.500 (1.000) | −1.750 (4.875) | 0.192 | 0.009** | 0.378 |
| RCFT | 0.500 (0.500) | −1.500 (1.000) | −1.750 (4.875) | 0.192 | 0.009** | 0.378 |
|
Language
[scores, median (IQR)] |
2.331 (2.751) | 1.167 (4.292) | −1.082 (2.749) | 0.991 | 0.000** | 0.117 |
| BNT | 1.331 (1.001) | 0.667 (2.200) | 0.000 (1.333) | 0.250 | 0.116 | 0.472 |
| AFT | 2.003 (1.251) | −0.250 (1.375) | −0.625 (1.688) | 0.031 | 0.000* | 0.394 |
|
Visuomotor speed
[scores, median (IQR)] |
1.204 (0.503) | −1.100 (1.800) | −1.500 (2.000) | 0.000** | 0.000** | 0.472 |
| SDMT | 1.204 (0.503) | −1.100 (1.800) | −1.500 (2.000) | 0.000** | 0.000** | 0.472 |
|
Attention/executive function
[scores, median (IQR)] |
4.575 (2.917) | 2.117 (6.715) | −1.629 (5.379) | 0.472 | 0.001** | 0.394 |
| TMT-A time | 1.461 (0.104) | −0.717 (1.232) | −1.292 (2.013) | 0.668 | 0.000** | 0.023 |
| TMT-B time | 1.232 (0.652) | −0.225 (2.600) | −1.375 (2.517) | 0.150 | 0.001* | 0.188 |
| CWT-C time | 0.961 (0.252) | −0.333 (1.600) | −0.364 (2.136) | 0.061 | 0.024 | 0.998 |
| CWT-C correct numbers | 0.000 (3.500) | 2.500 (1.000) | 3.000 (1.375) | 0.151 | 0.029 | 0.734 |
AVLT, Auditory Verbal Learning Test; RCFT, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test; BNT, Boston Naming Test; AFT, Animal Fluency Test; SDMT, Symbol Digit Modalities Test; TMT-A, Chinese modified version of the Trail Making Test; CWT-C, Color-Word Test-Chinese version; *p < 0.017,**p < 0.01. p1: NCI group vs. control group; p2: CI group vs. control group; p3: NCI group vs. CI group.